Umkhakha we-microelectronics usesimeni esibucayi lapho imithetho eyasungulwa emashumini eminyaka edlule iqala ukuwohloka. Kulesi simo, iHuawei yethule isiphakamiso esiphazamisayo esibizwa ngokuthi Umthetho Wokukala we-Tau ($ au$), isimiso esisha esiqondisayo esifuna ukuqondisa ukuvela kwama-semiconductor kanye nezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zomhlaba wonke, sisuka ezimisweni zendabuko.
Lesi sinyathelo, esethulwe nguHe Tingbo kwi-International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), sivela njengempendulo ekuphelelweni amandla koMthetho kaMoore. Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu yokubusa, ukukalwa kwejiyometri kwama-transistors Ihlangabezane nezithiyo ezingokoqobo ezingenakunqotshwa kanye nenzuzo yezomnotho encipha njalo, okuphoqa imboni ukuthi ifune izindlela ezihlukile nezisimeme.
Ukushintsha kokugxila: kusukela kusayizi kuya kwesinye isikhathi
Ingqikithi yalo mthetho omusha ihlanganisa ukufaka esikhundleni sokukhathazeka ngokunciphisa usayizi ongokwenyama (ukukala kwejiyometri) nge ukukala okusekelwe esikhathini ($ au$)Umgomo oyinhloko ukunciphisa ngokuhlelekile isikhathi esingaguquki ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka kokusabalala kwesignali, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ubuningi be-transistor ngaphandle kokuthembela kuphela ekuncishisweni okukhulu kakhulu.
Ukuze lo mqondo ugcwaliseke, inkampani ithuthukise ukwakheka kwezakhiwo Ukugoqwa kwe-LogicLobu buchwepheshe buvumela ukuhlukana namaphethini okuklama amasekethe endabuko, kufinyezwe izindlela zokuxhuma ezibalulekile futhi kuncishiswe imithwalo enamandla kanye neyokumelana, okuholela ku- ukukhuphuka kwekhwalithi ekusebenzeni kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kwezingxenye.
Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli qhinga akuyona nje inkolelo-mbono, njengoba lisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe- ukwenziwa ngcono kwamazinga amaningi ehlanganisa izindawo ezine eziyisisekelo:
- Izinga ledivayisi: Ukumelana nezimuncagazi kanye namandla okusebenza kahle kulungiselelwe ukunciphisa i-$au$ engaguquki ngokomzimba.
- Izinga lesekethe: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-LogicFolding kususa izithiyo ezibonakalayo ekwakhiweni, kuthuthukisa ubuningi besekethe.
- Izinga le-chip: Isofthiwe ehlanganisiwe kanye nomklamo we-silicon kuyasetshenziswa ukuze ukulawulwa okunembile kokugeleza kwedatha kanye nokuhambisana okukhulu.
- Izinga lesistimu: Nge-UnifiedBus, amaphrothokholi okuxhumana achazwa kabusha ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka kokuxhumana ezinhlelweni ze-SuperPoD.
Umthelela wemakethe kanye nemigomo yesikhathi eside
Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo, iHuawei isivele iklamile futhi yakhiqiza Ama-chips angu-381 asekelwe kulesi simiso eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule. Ingqophamlando elandelayo kuzoba ukwethulwa kwamaprosesa amasha eKirin, okulindeleke ekwindla ka-2026, okuzoba yi- okokuqala ukuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwe-LogicFolding, okuthembisa ukuthuthuka okukhulu emandleni amadivayisi eselula.
Uma ibheke esikhathini esizayo, inkampani izibekele umgomo omkhulu: ngo-2031, ama-chip ayo aphezulu azofinyelela ku- ukuminyana kwe-transistor okulingana no-1,4 nmIsici esibaluleke kakhulu salesi simemezelo ukuthi lokhu kuthuthuka kungenzeka ngaphandle kokuthembela emishinini ye-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, amathuluzi le nkampani enkulu yaseShayina evimbele ukufinyelela kuwo ngenxa yezithiyo zokuhweba zamazwe ngamazwe.
Le ndlela eya ekuzimeleni kwezobuchwepheshe ayifuni nje kuphela ukunciphisa imingcele yangaphandle, kodwa futhi ihlose ukunikeza ezinye izindlela zokuncintisana emkhakheni wobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Isidingo esikhulayo se- Ama-chips enyuka EShayina sekuvele kuyiqiniso, kusebenza njengesisekelo samamodeli ezilimi angaphezu kuka-80 afuna ukuthuthukisa amandla okusebenzisa amakhompyutha ekhaya.
Isu le-Huawei lisekelwe ekukholweni ukuthi intuthuko yangempela itholakala kuphela ngokusebenzisa ukubambisana okuvulekile nososayensi kanye nonjiniyela abavela emhlabeni wonke. Ngokuphakamisa indinganiso entsha yomhlaba wonke, inkampani ihlose ukuhola ushintsho lapho ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokusekela ukukhula kwamakhompyutha athuthukile kanye nama-elekthronikhi abathengi.