Uma i-TV iqala ukwenza amaphikseli noma singekho isithombe nhlobo futhi lingekho isokhethi le-antenna eduze, kulula ukukhungatheka. Nokho, ngosizo oluncane... ubuhlakani, ikhebula elithile, kanye nemibono embalwa eyisisekeloKuyenzeka ukuthi uqhubeke nokubuka iziteshi zikamabonakude zedijithali ngaphandle kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokwakha noma ukuchitha imali eshisiwe.
Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi i-antenna yasendlini isebenza kanjani, yini okufanele icatshangelwe lapho uthenga, nokuthi ulwakha kanjani. I-antenna ye-TV ephathekayo eyenziwe ekhaya enentambo ye-coaxial ukuze udlulele nakuziphi izimo lapho izosabela kahle khona… futhi kuzona kungcono ukuthi ungawavusi amathemba akho.
Iyini i-antenna ye-TV yasendlini ephathekayo futhi isetshenziselwa ini?
Izinti ze-DTT zasendlini, kokubili ezentengiso nezokusetshenziswa ekhaya, zenzelwe ukuthi thola isignali kamabonakude emakamelweni lapho ingekho khona isokhethi yothi Indawo yokuxhumana iseduze noma ayikho lapho singathanda ukubeka khona i-TV. Zincane, azisindi, futhi zixhumeka ngqo kumabonakude noma umamukeli wethelevishini wasemhlabeni wedijithali ngesixhumi se-antenna.
Lezi zinhlobo zezimpondo ziwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho sithuthela endlini entsha futhi sithola lokho Amanye amagumbi okulala, amahhovisi, noma amagumbi okuhlala awanazo isokhethi lezinti.Noma lapho sishintsha ukwakheka kwegumbi lokuhlala futhi okuwukuphela kwe-outlet esodongeni oluphambene, okusiphoqa ukuthi sisebenzise ikhebula ende nelingabukeki ekamelweni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwendabuko (ukusebenzisa ikhebula le-coaxial kusuka ku-antenna yomphakathi noma ukufaka i-antenna yangaphandle ehlukile), izimpondo zasendlini zinikeza enye indlela eshesha kakhulu. Zikuvumela ukuthi uthole ithelevishini ye-digital terrestrial (DTT) ngaphandle kwezintambo ezihamba ngamapayipi, izimbobo zokubhoboza, noma ukuthembela kusifaki, okubenza babe inzuzo enkulu. ukonga okubalulekile ngesikhathi nemali ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Izimpondo zesimanje zasendlini ziyinguquko yezimpondo "zezimpondo" ezindala noma "zamadevu" abaningi abazikhumbulayo ngaphezu kwamathelevishini abo. Umehluko wukuthi manje bayahlanganisa amasekhethi amancane kagesi nama-amplifiers okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuzwela nokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo zixazululo ze-analog kusukela eminyakeni edlule.
Yenza uthi lwe-TV oluphathekayo lokuzenzela ngentambo ye-coaxial
Uma singenalo i-antenna yezentengiso esandleni noma sidinga isisombululo esiphuthumayo, singakwazi ukuhlanganisa eyodwa. I-antenna ye-TV yasendlini yasendlini isebenzisa ikhebula eliqinile kuphela kanye namathuluzi ayisisekelo. Ungalindeli izimangaliso, kodwa zingakukhipha ekubopheni futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinengqondo zokwamukela, zinikeze ikhwalithi eyamukelekayo.
Inhliziyo yale antenna eyenziwe ekhaya yintambo ye-coaxial ngokwayo, equkethe i-a i-central conductor, i-insulating layer, i-mesh yesikrini sensimbi, nesembozo sangaphandle.Ngokusebenzisa ubude obufanele baleyo khondatha emaphakathi kanye nobudlelwano bayo ne-mesh, into ekhipha imisebe ingathuthukiswa ukuze ithwebule amaza e-DTT.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale, kuwumqondo omuhle ukulungisa izinto ezithile: ucezu lwentambo ye-coaxial (noma eminingana), amapliers, i-cutter noma i-wire stripper, kanye netheyiphu kagesiUma uzoxhuma uthi ngqo kumabonakude, uzodinga nepulaki ye-antenna evamile noma intambo esivele inqanyuliwe ekugcineni.
Izinto ezidingekayo kanye nokulungiswa kwekhebula
Izisekelo zokwenza i-antenna ye-TV ephathekayo yasekhaya ilula kakhulu: uzoyidinga isiqeshana esisodwa noma ezimbili zentambo kamabonakude i-coaxialnjengaleyo esetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi i-digital terrestrial television (DTT) ukufakwa. Ngokufanelekile, intambo eyodwa kufanele ibe yinde ngokwanele ukuthi ifinyelele isuka ku-TV iye efasiteleni noma indawo lapho isignali iqine kakhulu.
Mayelana nethuluzi, nabanye Abasiki bezintambo, amapliers, kanye nommese wokusetshenziswa noma i-wire stripper Unokungaphezu kokwanele. I-tape kagesi izosebenza kokubili ukuvikela amalunga kanye nokuvikela kangcono isakhiwo esithuthukisiwe, ukuvimbela ukuthintana okungamanga okungase kubi nakakhulu.
Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuhlubula ingxenye yentambo ye-coaxial. Kumele ususe ngokucophelela ijazi langaphandle kanye ne-metallic braid, kanye nokufakwa kwe-insulation ezungeze umqhubi wesikhungo, ukuze lokhu okulandelayo kuvezwe ngokuphelele. Umgomo wukuthi shiya cishe amasentimitha angu-14 wekhondatha emaphakathi mahhala., okuwubude obufanelekile bokusebenza njengento eyamukelayo kubhendi ye-UHF esetshenziswa i-DTT.
Lobo bude obuveziwe bekhondatha buzoba yingxenye "esebenzayo" yothi. Uma usuhlutshiwe, sebenzisa udlawu ukuze Sika ikhebuli eyeqile futhi uyilolonge, isibonelo ibe yisimo esithi "L" noma ngejika elithambile.Lokhu kuguqulwa okuncane kusiza ukuyiqondisa nokuyibeka kahle eduze kwefasitela noma endaweni ekhethiwe.
Ukwakhiwa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kwe-antenna yasendlini yasendlini
Ukuze uthuthukise ukwamukela, ungasebenzisa ucezu lwesibili lwekhebula le-coaxial, ozolixhuma ngqo kuthelevishini. Ngokufanelekile, le khebula kufanele ibe ne- ubude obanele ukuze bufinyelele usuka embotsheni ye-antenna ye-TV ukuya endaweni ngesignali engcono kakhuluokuvamise ukuba yifasitela elibheke ngaphandle noma udonga oluvalwe kancane ukhonkolo nezakhiwo.
Ngaleyo khebula yesibili, phinda inqubo efanayo yokuhlubula kwelinye lamaphethelo ayo: Susa i-sheath yangaphandle, i-mesh, ne-dielectric yesigaba sokugcina, okushiya umqhubi omaphakathi ubonakala. Uma usudalule lawo masentimitha ethusi futhi, yigobise futhi ibe umumo othi "L" noma okufanayo ngodlawu, kodwa kulokhu thatha ukuqapha okubalulekile: umqhubi ophakathi akumele athinte i-mesh yensimbi esala ngemuva nje kwe-insulation.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwakha igebe elincane phakathi kwe-mesh kanye ne-plastic sheath yekhebula lesibili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa... I-screwdriver encane, i-awl noma into ecijile bese uvule isikhala lapho ugobise khona ikhebuli yaba umumo othi "L". Leli gebe kufanele libonakale ngokucacile phakathi kwe-braid ne-sheath, ngaphandle kokusika yonke indlela ngekhebula noma ukulimaza ngokweqile isivikelo.
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokujoyina zombili izici. Faka i-conductor emaphakathi engenalutho yekhebula lokuqala (lena elizosebenza “njengenduku” ye-antenna embobeni osanda kuyenza kukhebuli yesibili. Kufanele ixhumane ne Mesh yensimbi yekhebula elikhulungoba lokho kuxhumana yikho okuzovumela uthi lwe-antenna ukuthi lusebenze kahle njengesandiso sohlelo lokwamukela.
Uma isihlanganisi senziwe, siqinise ngokucophelela nge i-tape kagesi eqiniswe ngokuqinileI-insulation ihlanganisa kokubili indawo ye-mesh kanye ne-conductor engenayo. Inhloso yakhona ukuvikela ukuxhumana kwemishini, ukuvimbela amasekhethi amafushane ngephutha phakathi kwe-conductor emaphakathi ne-mesh, nokuhlinzeka ngokuqina ukuvimbela ukunyakaza ngaphansi kokudonsa okungazelelwe.
Ukuxhumana kwethelevishini nokubekwa ngaphakathi kwekhaya
Ngemva kokuqeda ingxenye "eyenziwe ngesandla" yothi, okusele nje ukuxhuma enye ingxenye yentambo yesibili ye-coaxial kumabonakude. Lesi siphetho kufanele sibe iqedwe ngepulaki ye-antenna evamile, njengaleyo esetshenziswa ekufakweni kodonga. Uma ungakayifakile, uzodinga ukuhlubula futhi ulungise ikhebula kupulaki ngokwemiyalelo yesixhumi.
Uma isixhunywe ku-TV, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu iyaqala: ukuthola indawo engcono kakhulu yothi oluzenzelayo. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zasendlini zisebenza kangcono kakhulu. uma ibekwe eduze kwefasitela ngokubuka ngaphandle, ukugwema ukuba nokhonkolo omningi, izindonga eziwugqinsi noma izakhiwo ezinde ezivimba indlela yesignali.
Uma uhlala efulethini eliphakeme, indlu yokugezela, noma indlu evalelwe, ngokuvamile uzothola ukuthi uthi oluzenzelayo, olubekwe endaweni ephakeme efanele futhi luqondaniswe kahle nokubekezela okuncane, lungakunikeza ukwamukela okuhle ngendlela emangalisayo. Kodwa-ke, uma indlu yakho iphansi phansi izungezwe ... izakhiwo ezinde kakhulu noma endaweni engaphansi enokuchayeka okuncane, amathuba okuthi isebenze kahle anciphe kakhulu.
Ngemva kokubeka uthi lokuzenzela, faka imenyu kamabonakude noma umamukeli wethelevishini wasemhlabeni wedijithali bese wenza ukusesha isiteshi noma ukuhlela kabushaUngase ubone ezinye iziteshi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kuyilapho ezinye zingase zibe namaphikiseli, iziphazamiso, noma kungabikho nhlobo isignali. Zama ukunyakazisa uthi, ushintshe indawo yalo, noma ulungise ukuma kwalo kuze kube yilapho uthola uxhumano oluzinze kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lesi sixazululo siwukulungiswa kwesikhashana: kungase kukukhiphe endaweni eqinile, kodwa kuyinto evamile ukuthi Isignali ingase ibe buthaka ngandlela-thile, ibe nokuthambekela okukhulu kokusika. ukuthi enothi olusezingeni eliphezulu lwezentengiselwano lwasendlini noma enothi lwangaphandle olufakwe kahle noluqondile.
Ungakhetha kanjani uthi lwe-indoor commercial digital terrestrial television (DTT).
Uma ufuna isixazululo esizinze kune-antenna eyenziwe ekhaya, kungcono ucabange ukuyithenga. I-antenna ye-DTT yasendlini eklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekhayaLawa ma-antenna ahlanganisa i-electronic circuitry, filters, and amplification ezithuthukisa kakhulu ukuzwela kanye nesignali-to-noise ratio uma kuqhathaniswa namadivayisi anezintambo ezixekethile.
Ipharamitha yobuchwepheshe ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uqhathanisa amamodeli inzuzo. Thola izinyathelo ingakanani isignali i-antenna ekwazi ukuyinikeza ekuphumeni uma kuqhathaniswa nesignali eyitholayo emoyeni. Kalula nje: uthi olunenzuzo ephezulu ngokuvamile luhlinzeka ngezinga elingcono lesignali ku-TV, elisiza ekunciphiseni iziphazamiso kanye namaphikseli.
Kodwa-ke, akwanele ukubheka inani eliphezulu lenzuzo elilodwa. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le nzuzo iphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. ukufana okunokwenzeka kuyo yonke ibhendi yefrikhwensi ye-DTTAbanye abakhiqizi bakhombisa kuphela inani lesiteshi esingcono kakhulu, kanti kwezinye imvamisa ukusebenza kuyehla, okubangela ukuthi ezinye iziteshi zibukeke ziphelele kuyilapho ezinye zingangeni.
Enye ipharamitha eyinhloko inombolo yomsindo. Njengoba lawa ma-antenna angaphakathi ane-amplifier kagesi ehlanganisiwe encane, kubalulekile ukuthi lesi sikhulisamandla sethule umsindo. umsindo omncane ongakhona esignaliIsibalo somsindo ophansi sihumusheka kwisignali ehlanzekile futhi, empeleni, izinkinga ezimbalwa zesithombe nekhwalithi yomsindo.
Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha, kungakuhle ukuthi ubheke ama-antenna angaphakathi imikhiqizo eyaziwayo nehlonishwayoNakuba intengo ingase ibe phezulu kancane. Kulo mkhakha, isibonelo, abakhiqizi abafana ne-Televes bayagqama, abanomlando omude nemikhiqizo ngokuvamile enezinga eliphansi lokubuyisela ngenxa yokuthembeka nokusebenza kwabo.
Imikhawulo yangempela yezimpondo zasendlini (futhi lapho zisebenza kahle)
Masibhekane namaqiniso: awekho ama-antenna asendlini azenzela noma atholakala ngokuthengiswayo awumlingo. Ukusebenza kwabo kuncike ngokuphelele ... amandla kanye nekhwalithi yesiginali ye-DTT efinyelela lapho ufuna ukufaka khona umabonakude. Uma isignali isivele ibuthakathaka kakhulu ivela emgwaqeni, i-antenna encane cishe ngeke ixazulule inkinga.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuphuthuma uyothenga i-antenna yasendlini enamandla kakhulu noma wakhe ephucukile eyenziwe ekhaya, kuyancomeka ukuthi uhlole indawo ezungezile. Emabhilidini amade azungezwe afanayo, ikakhulukazi ezitezi eziphansi noma ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, kujwayelekile ukuthi lezi zimpondo... yehluleka ukuveza umphumela owanelisayongoba isignali iyancipha kakhulu ngemva kokudlula ukhonkolo ongaka, ingilazi kanye nezithiyo.
Izindlu ezingaphansi, ezangaphansi, kanye namakhaya atholakala ezigodini ezijulile noma ezindaweni "emthunzini" we-digital terrestrial television (DTT) ephindaphindayo nakho kuyizindawo eziyinselele. Uma kakade sekunzima ukuthi uthi oluvamile lwangaphandle luthole isignali enhle, ukucabanga ukuthi uthi oluncane olungaphakathi endlini noma ukufakwa okuzenzela kuzoxazulula inkinga ngokuvamile akunangqondo; kulezi zimo, kungcono ukuhlola izixazululo nge inzuzo ephezulu yama-antenna angaphandle noma izinguquko ekufakweni okuhlangene.
Kodwa-ke, ulwazi lubonisa ukuthi izinti ze-DTT zasendlini zingasebenza kahle kakhulu amakamelo anamafasitela anikeza umbono oqondile ngaphandleIkakhulukazi uma zikhonjwe ngalapho kukhona izikhungo zokusakaza. Lapho i-antenna ibekwe eduze kwefasitela, ukwamukela ngokuvamile kuba ngcono.
Bavame ukunikeza imiphumela emihle ku izindlu zomndeni owodwa, izindlu zasemadolobheni kanye nezindlu zokugezelaEzindaweni lapho ukuphakama nokuntuleka kwezithiyo ezibalulekile kuvumela isignali ukuthi ifinyelele ezindaweni eziphakeme, umehluko phakathi kwe-antenna yasekhaya kanye ne-antenna enhle yezentengiso ungabonakala kakhulu mayelana nokuzinza kwesithombe kanye nenani lamashaneli atholiwe.
Ama-antenna angaphakathi/angaphandle kanye nogesi ongu-5V
Ngaphezu kwama-antenna angaphakathi kuphela, kunamamodeli ayi-hybrid, njenge-a ephaketheni i-antenna ye-TVLezi zingafakwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ngokuvamile ku-facade, kuvulandi, noma ifasitela. izimpondo ezihlangene ezinomklamo ohlakaniphile futhi omuhle kakhuluyakhelwe ukuthi inganakwa ngangokunokwenzeka ukusuka emgwaqeni.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinti ezihlanganisiwe zasendlini/zangaphandle ngokuvamile zisebenza kangcono uma zifakwe ngaphandle kwekhaya. Lokhu kunengqondo: uma ibekwe ku-facade, isignali akudingeki idlule ekucwebezelweni okuphindwe kabili, izitini, ukhonkolo, noma izakhiwo zensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela ifinyelele isistimu yokwamukela ngempumelelo. ngokunciphisa kancane kanye nekhwalithi engcono sengathi lifihlwe ngemuva kwezindonga eziningana.
Imininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpondo zilethwa ngaphandle kwamandla angaphandle. Ukuze zisebenze ngendlela efanele, zidinga eyodwa. thola i-voltage (imvamisa engu-5V) evela esamukeli se-DTT ngokwaso noma kumabonakudeCishe wonke amashuna esimanje afaka kumenyu inketho yokusebenzisa amandla kagesi angu-5V ngekhebula ye-antenna ehloselwe lolu hlobo lwedivayisi.
Uma uthenga i-antenna yasendlini/yangaphandle futhi ungatholi isignali uma uyixhuma, hlola imanuwali ukuze ubone ukuthi idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla futhi uhlole imenyu yomamukeli ukuze ubone ukuthi unayo yini. 5V okukhiphayo kwenziwe kwasebenzaNgaphandle kwalawo mandla, i-amplifier ehlanganisiwe ngeke isebenze futhi i-antenna izoziphatha njengokungathi iyingxenye yensimbi elula, enemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Ngokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, kuvame ukutuseka ukuthi ubheke amakhathalogi athile we Ama-antenna e-DTT aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandleIzinto zabo, izigxivizo, nezisekelo kuklanyelwe ukumelana nemvula, umoya, nemisebe yelanga ngaphandle kokuwohloka ngokushesha. Ezimweni eziningi, bahlanganisa usayizi ohlangene nokuzuza okuphezulu nokuvikelwa okuhle kokuphazanyiswa.
Ukuthenga iseluleko nenqubomgomo yembuyiselo
Lapho uthenga i-antenna ye-indoor digital terrestrial television (DTT), kubalulekile ukucabanga ukuthi, noma ngabe isezingeni elihle, Asikho isiqinisekiso esiphelele sokuthi izosebenza kahle kuzo zonke izindawoKonke kuncike endaweni ezungezile, indawo, ibanga lokuya embhoshongweni weseli, nanoma yiziphi izithiyo ezibonakalayo. Kungakho kunengqondo ukubheka izitolo ezikuvumela ukuthi uzame umkhiqizo bese uwubuyisela uma ungahlangabezani nokulindela kwakho.
Izitolo eziningi eziku-inthanethi ezisebenza ngomabonakude wedijithali nowe-elekthronikhi zinikeza lokho okungenzeka: ungathenga uthi, uluhlole isikhathi esilinganiselwe, futhi uma lusebenza ekhaya lakho. Iziteshi azibonisi ngokuzinzile noma iziteshi eziningi azikho.Ukuze ucubungule ukubuyisela, kufanele ngokusobala ugcine okokufaka, izintambo, ama-adaptha, othayi bekhebula, nazo zonke izikulufu zisesimweni esihle.
Uma uyifaka okokuqala ngqa, kungcono ukwenza lokho ngokunakekela okuthile: akukho okufana nalokhu Ukudonsa ikhebula, ukugoba ngama-engeli abukhali, noma ukulahlekelwa izingxenyeKuze kube yilapho uqiniseka ukuthi uthi lusebenza ngendlela othanda ngayo, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ungashiyi amamaki noma umonakalo ongenza kube nzima ukubuyisela noma ukushintshanisa imodeli enamandla kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, isincomo ukukhetha ama-antenna angaphakathi avela kubakhiqizi abaziwayo, njenge-TelevesLe mikhiqizo, osekuyiminyaka isemakethe futhi iqoqe ulwazi oluningi ezinhlelweni zokwamukela, ijwayele ukuklanywa kangcono, ibe nemininingwane ecacile, futhi, empeleni, inezinga eliphansi lezikhalazo kanye nembuyiselo kunezinketho ezishibhile, ezingenalo uphawu.
Okokugcina, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukufaka ama-antenna amaningi angaphakathi ilula ngisho nakubasebenzisi abangenalwazi lobuchwephesheNgokuvamile zihlanganisa zonke izesekeli ezidingekayo (amakhebuli, izinto zikagesi uma kudingeka, othayi bekhebula, amapulaki odongeni, izikulufu, nabakaki) kanye namabhukwana anemininingwane yemiyalelo. Ezimweni eziningi, okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuxhuma ikhebula, ubeke uthi lwezimpondo endaweni engcono kakhulu, bese ushuna kabusha isamukeli sakho se-digital terrestrial television (DTT).
Ngemva kokucabangela zonke izinketho, kusukela kuzimpondo eziphathwayo ze-TV ezenziwe ekhaya ezenziwe ngekhebula le-coaxial kuya kuma-antenna angaphakathi nangaphandle/angaphandle kamabonakude wedijithali (i-DTT) avela kubakhiqizi abakhethekile, kuyacaca ukuthi sikhona isikhala sokuthola isixazululo esifanelana cishe nanoma yiliphi ikhaya nesabelomali. Ukuqonda ukuthi kanjani inzuzo, isibalo somsindo, indawo, kanye nekhwalithi yesiginali eyamukelwe Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe okungcono, uhlole ngokuqonda, futhi wazi lapho iqhinga elincane lokuzenzela lanele nokuthi kunini lapho kutuswa khona ukugxumela ku-antenna yekhwalithi ephezulu noma ukufakwa okuphelele kwangaphandle.
