Amaphrosesa amasha asuselwa ku-RISC-V asebenza kahle kakhulu: I-UltraRISC UR-DP1000, i-Zhihe A210, ne-SpacemIT K3

Author: Isaac
  • Amaphrosesa we-UltraRISC UR-DP1000, Zhihe A210, kanye ne-SpacemIT K3 aletha ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu namakhono athuthukile ku-AI, i-virtualization, kanye ne-vector computing.
  • Bagqama ngezakhiwo zabo eziyingozi, ukuhlanganiswa komdabu kwezandiso ze-RISC-V, nokusekelwa kwenkumbulo ephezulu ye-DDR4.
  • Banikeza ezinye izindlela ezivulekile nezincintisanayo ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM kanye nezixazululo zokuphathelene kumaseva, i-AI, kanye nekhompyutha enqenqemeni.

i-risc-v

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukwakheka kwe-RISC-V kushintshe umhlaba wama-processor, kunikeza ithuba elivulekile neliguquguqukayo kunezinkampani ezinkulu zemboni. Kulindeleke intuthuko ebalulekile ngo-2025 ngokufika kwama-processor amasha asebenza kahle athembisa ukuncintisana ngqo nezixazululo ezivamile. Phakathi kwethembisa kakhulu yi-UltraRISC UR-DP1000, i-Zhihe A210, kanye ne-SpacemIT K3, konke kuxhaswe ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu futhi kuqondiswe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zobungcweti, amaseva, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.

Laba basebenzi abathathu bokucubungula bavezwe emibukisweni yokuhweba nemicimbi yakamuva, okwenza kube nesithakazelo esikhulu kubathuthukisi nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe. Lesi sihloko sihlaziya izici zabo, ukwakheka, ukusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokuningiliziwe , sinikeza umbono ophelele walokho okungalindelwa esikhathini esizayo esiseduze sehadiwe yekhompyutha esekelwe ku-RISC-V.

I-UltraRISC UR-DP1000: amandla we-octa-core

I-UltraRISC DP1000

I-UltraRISC UR-DP1000 ibekwe njengenye yama-SoC okuqala e-octa-core asekelwe ku-RISC-V architecture , elungele ukubhekisa ingxenye yeseva, indawo yokusebenza, kanye nezixazululo zobungcweti. Nakuba ulwazi oluthile lusalinganiselwe, eminye imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nokwakheka kwayo kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe ayaziwa, okwenza ihluke esigabeni sayo.

  • CPU: I-Integra Izinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili ze-64-bit RISC-V UR-CP100 “RV64GCBHX” ikwazi ukusebenza kuze kufike ku-2.0 GHz.
  • I-Dual Cluster Architecture: Ihlukaniswe yaba amaqoqo amabili angu-4-core, ngalinye lino-4 MB we-L3 cache, ngesamba esingu-16 MB senqolobane.
  • Ukuhambisana: Ihambisana ngokugcwele ne-RVA22 futhi cishe i-RVA23 (ngaphandle kwesandiso se-V), iqinisekisa ukwesekwa kwamakhono wakamuva wezakhiwo.
  • I-Virtualization nezandiso: Ihlanganisa ukusekelwa kwe-hardware virtualization, kanye nesandiso se-H(v1.0) se-RISC-V RV64 ISA.
  • Imemori ye-RAM: Isekela inkumbulo ye-DDR4-3200 ECC kumamojula we-UDIMM afika ku-64GB, alungele imisebenzi ejulile nezimo lapho ubuqotho bedatha bubalulekile.
  • Uxhumano olunwetshiwe: Phuma 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 kanye ne-2x PCIe 4.0 x4 ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu.
  • Ukuxhumana nama-peripherals: Ihlanganisa i-GMAC yamanethiwekhi, kanye namachweba amaningi e-QSPI, i-SPI, i-I2C, i-UART kanye nama-GPIO angu-40, okuvula amathuba amaningi okuthuthukiswa ngokwezifiso.

I-UR-DP1000 imenyezelwe njengengxenye eyinhloko yebhodi lomama le-Shenzhen Milk-V Technology le-Titan mini-ITX , okuvumela abasebenzisi namabhizinisi ukufinyelela ipulatifomu eguquguqukayo elungele ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile njenge-Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Deepin, noma izinguqulo ze-Feroda Remix ze-RISC-V.

I-firmware yayo ye-UEFI ihlanganisa ukusekelwa kwe-ACPI, CPPC, SMBIOS, kanye nekhono lokuqalisa izithombe ze-ISO ngokuqondile, kube lula ukuhlanganiswa nengqalasizinda ye-IT ekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathuthukisi bathembisa ukwesekwa okugcwele ku-Linux kernel ekupheleni kuka-2026.

I-Titan mini-ITX, esakhiwayo, isiyatholakala ukuze i-odwe kusengaphambili ngemali encane futhi izotholakala ezinyangeni ezintathu ngentengo elinganiselwa ku-$279. Akukaziwa ukuthi kuzoba khona yini izaphulelo ezengeziwe zokukhushulwa, kodwa kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi izonikeza uxhumano lwe-USB 3.0 (oluqaliswe ngebhuloho le-PCIe-to-USB), ngaleyo ndlela yandisa ububanzi bayo bezinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-Zhihe A210: Ikhompyutha Ehlanganisiwe futhi Ugxile ku-AI

zizhe a210

I-Zhihe A210 ingenye yama-processor anolwazi oluncane kakhulu olutholakalayo, yize okwaziwayo kuthembisa kakhulu . Kusukela ku-Zhihe Computing, ukwakheka kwayo kusobala ukuthi kuqondiswe emisebenzini efana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukufaka ikhodi nokuhlela ividiyo, ukubethela, kanye nokugcina idatha.

  • 8 core CPU: Isebenzisa i-architecture ye-RISC-V engu-64-bit enama-cores ayisishiyagalombili asebenza kahle kakhulu.
  • I-Unified Computing (UCA): Ifaka inkumbulo ebumbene kanye nezakhiwo ze-opharetha, okuyinto ithuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwezimo ezisebenza ngekhompyutha.
  • Ukuhambisana ngokugcwele ne-RVA23: I-A210 ihlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuneko zokucaciswa kwe-RVA23 kwakamuva, okuhlanganisa izandiso eziphoqelekile nezingakhethwa njenge-Hypervisor, Vector, BF16, CFI, ne-Sv57, ngaphezu kwezinye izandiso ezisemthethweni ze-RISC-V eziyi-123.
  • Amakhono e-AI: Ifinyelela emandleni 12 TOPS (INT8) ukuze uthole intelligence yokwenziwa, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-NPU cores engeziwe, okwenza ukuhlanganiswa kube lula futhi kunciphise ukubambezeleka.
  • Inkumbulo Ethuthukisiwe: Ilungiselelwe i-DDR ephezulu futhi isekela amamodeli wezakhiwo we-MoE (Ingxube Yochwepheshe), ngokugxila okukhethekile ezinhlelweni ze-AI ezifana ne-DeepSeek nokunye okufanayo.

Ukugxila kwayo kusobala kumaseva asemaphethelweni, asetshenziselwa imisebenzi efana nokufaka ikhodi yevidiyo, ukuqagela okukhulu kwemodeli ye-AI, ukubethela, kanye nokugcina idatha. Umgomo kaZhihe ngale processor ukuncintisana ngezindleko kanye nokusebenza ngokumelene nezixazululo zendabuko ze-GPU/GPGPU ezifakwe i-HBM , egxile ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kubalulekile khona.

I-A210 igcizelela ngokukhethekile ukusekelwa kwesandiso se-RISC-V Vector (RVV), isho ngisho nekhono lokufanisa noma ukudlula izixazululo ze-Intel ne-ARM emisebenzini efana nokucutshungulwa kwevidiyo, ukubethela kwe-OpenSSL, amamodeli ezilimi ezinkulu, nokubala kwe-CRC.

Ngokuya nge-I/O nokuxhumana, kulindeleke ukuthi kufakwe imizila ye-PCIe Gen4, njenge-UR-DP1000, nakuba imininingwane eqondile ingakaqinisekiswa. I-Zhihe isivele iqedile ukukhiqiza nokuhlola kwangaphakathi, futhi inqubo yokuhlola okwamanje ivulekele onjiniyela nozakwethu abafuna ukuhlola amasampula okuqala.

Okwamanje, inkampani ayinayo iwebhusayithi yayo (okungenani kusukela ngoJulayi 2025), okwengeza i-aura ethile yokuhluka nokulindela ezinhlelweni zayo zesikhathi esizayo kanye nokutholakala kwezohwebo.

I-SpacemIT K3: Isizukulwane esisha samaseva kanye nekhompyutha ejulile

I-SpacemIT K3

I-SpacemIT iyinkampani eyaziwayo emhlabeni we-RISC-V ngenxa yamaprosesa ayo e-K1 kanye ne-M1 angaphambilini, atholakala kumakhompyutha athandwayo ebhodi elilodwa (ama-SBC) njenge-Orange Pi R2S kanye ne-Banana Pi BPI-CM6 . I-SpacemIT K3 entsha iyaqhubeka nokuphakamisa izinga lobuchwepheshe, yize ulwazi oluthile lusantuleka, futhi iningi lemininingwane etholakalayo lijikeleza i-core yayo ye-X100, esevele isetshenziswa ku-Vital Stone V100 eqondiswe kuseva.

  • I-Advanced Architecture: I-nucleus I-X100 iyiphrosesa engu-64-bit RISC-V ehambisana ngokugcwele nephrofayela ye-RGB23., elungiselelwe izidingo ezidinga kakhulu kumaseva nasezikhungweni zedatha.
  • Ukusebenza kwe-AI: Izipesheli 2.5 TOPS (INT8) kukhompyutha yobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ithobelana nesandiso se-RISC-V IME.
  • I-Vectorization kanye nokubethela: Ihlanganisa ukucaciswa kwe-RISC-V Vector 1.0 nokusekelwa kokubethelwa kwe-vector, kuzuzwe umkhawulokudonsa we-vector wamabhithi angu-256.
  • Imvamisa ephezulu nokusebenza kahle: I-Opera a I-2.5 GHz ngaphansi kobuchwepheshe be-12 nm, ifinyelela ku-9.0 SPECint2006/GHz kanye no-7.7 CoreMarks/MHz nge-LLVM compiler elungiselelwe i-SpacemIT.
  • Idizayini enwebeka kakhulu yama-multi-core: Isekela ukucupha kwe kufika kuma-cores angama-64, ahlelwe ngamaqoqo amaningi ngokuhambisana kokubili kwenqolobane ye-intra- kanye ne-inter-cluster.
  • Usekelo lwe-virtualization oluthuthukisiwe: Ihlanganisa izandiso ze-hypervisor, ukucaciswa kwe-AIA, i-IOMMU, futhi ingakha izindawo eziphelele zokusebenzisa i-virtualization yamaseva amafu nawebhizinisi.
  • Ukwethembeka nokuphepha: Yengeza amakhono e-RAS (Ukuthembeka, Ukutholakala, Ukusevisa), ukubika kwe-RERI ngezinga le-RISC-V, ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni kwe-Meltdown ne-Specter, kanye nokulandela imiyalelo yokulungisa iphutha okuthuthukile.

Ukufika kwe-SpacemIT K3 kumelela inguquko ebalulekile kumamodeli wangaphambilini, okuvumela amaqoqo amakhompiyutha asebenza kahle kakhulu asekelwe ngokuphelele ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezivulekile.

Imininingwane eminingi eyengeziwe mayelana ne-K2025, kanye ne-A3 eshiwo ngenhla kanye ne-UR-DP210, kulindeleke ukuthi ivele engxenyeni yesibili ka-1000. Okulindelekile okuvamile ukuthi ngenkathi i-hardware izotholakala ngokuwa, isofthiwe isazoqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi ngeke ifinyelele ekuvuthweni okugcwele kuze kube ngu-2026. Kodwa-ke, amandla alawa ma-processors, i-AIdge emhlabeni jikelele, i-revolution ye-AId engenakuphikwa.

Ukuqhathanisa nama-ARM processors nezinye iziphakamiso

Ukuze uqonde umthelela wangempela walawa ma-chips e-RISC-V amasha, kuyathakazelisa ukuwaqhathanisa nezinye izindlela zamanje ezisuselwe ku-ARM njenge-Allwinner A523, ehamba phambili kubathengi namadivayisi ahlakaniphile.

  • Allwinner A523: I-Octa-core Cortex-A55 enokulungiselelwa okukhulu.LITTLE, amaza afika ku-1.8 GHz nokuxhumana okuvelele kwe-multimedia nekhaya elihlakaniphile.
  • Kufaka phakathi amakhono athile amakhamera, ividiyo, amanethiwekhi nokuphepha, kodwa ayinakho ukusebenzisana kwevekhtha okuthuthukisiwe, usekelo lwe-AI, noma ukukala okukhulu kwe-RISC-V entsha.
  • Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-RISC-V Mayelana nezakhiwo ezivulekile, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, ukuphepha kanye nokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, lokhu kubonakala eziphakamisweni ze-UltraRISC, Zhihe kanye ne-SpacemIT.

Lapho abaprosesa be-ARM babathengi bake baba yibo abaphethe imakethe kumadivayisi namathebulethi afakiwe, i-RISC-V manje isiqala ukuthola indawo ezikhungweni zedatha, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nokubala okuphezulu , izibeka njengenketho ekhangayo kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukuzimela, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kwemingcele yamalayisense avaliwe.

Amathrendi amasha namathuba esikhathi esizayo ku-RISC-V ecosystem

Ngokuthuthuka kwalaba basebenzi bokucubungula, isimo sezobuchwepheshe siya ngokuya sivuleka futhi sincintisana . Ukwamukelwa kabanzi kokunwetshwa kwe-PCIe Gen4, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-virtualization yemvelo, kanye nokuhambisana nazo zonke izandiso ze-RISC-V ezifanele kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zanoma iyiphi indawo, kusukela ku-cloud computing kanye ne-AI edge kuya ezinhlelweni ezifakiwe ezibalulekile.

Isithembiso sosekelo lwesikhathi eside lwe-Linux nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile, kanye nokuvulwa konjiniyela nozakwethu ukuze bahlolwe kusenesikhathi, kwenza iminyaka embalwa ezayo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwe-RISC-V kuseva nezimakethe zekhompuyutha ezichwepheshile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokuncintisana ngokumelene nama-GPU avamile ku-AI kanye nemisebenzi enzima yekhompyutha, ngenxa ye-vector computing nokuhlanganiswa komsebenzisi okuhambisanayo, kuvula umnyango wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha namamodeli ebhizinisi ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa, idatha enkulu, kanye nokuphepha kolwazi.

Njengoba izinkundla nesofthiwe esekelayo ishintsha, amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye kungenzeka bathole ezinye izindlela ezingabizi kakhulu, ezivulekile, neziguquguqukayo zamaphrojekthi abo afuna ukuvelela.

Ukufika kwe-UltraRISC UR-DP1000, Zhihe A210, kanye ne-SpacemIT K3 kuchaza kabusha amathuba ezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezivulekile, kuphawula inguquko ekwakhiweni kwamaphrosesa asebenza kahle kakhulu e-RISC-V. Amandla aqhuba lezi nkundla azikho nje kuphela ekusebenzeni kwazo kobuchwepheshe okuhlaba umxhwele kodwa futhi embonweni wesikhathi esizayo lapho ikhompyutha ethuthukisiwe ifinyeleleka khona, yenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, futhi isebenza kahle, ngaphandle kwemikhawulo yamamodeli obunikazi avamile. Kulabo abafuna ukusebenza, ukuguquguquka, nokulawula, lawa maphrosesa amasha avula uhla lwamathuba okunzima ukuwafanisa.

I-emulator ye-Felix86-7
I-athikili ehlobene:
Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-Felix86: I-x86-64 Emulator ye-RISC-V Eguqula Ukuhambisana

Engeza njengomthombo okhethwayo ku-Google