ICatalonia ilungiselela ukwethula umzila womoya osebenzisa amadrone wezokuthutha zezokwelapha , okuthi uma konke kuhamba ngokohlelo, kuzoqala ukusebenza njalo kuleli hlobo. Le nsizakalo izoxhumanisa iPallars Regional Hospital eTremp (Lleida) ne- Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital eLleida , ibe umzila womoya wokuqala ohlala njalo wohlobo lwayo eSpain.
Uhlelo olusha luzovumela ukuthuthwa kwezikhwama zegazi, amasampula ezinto eziphilayo, imithi, kanye nezinto ezincane zokwelapha phakathi kwezikhungo ezimbili, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezintabeni lapho ukufinyelela emigwaqweni kungaba kancane noma kube nzima ngenxa yezimo zezulu. Uhulumeni waseCatalan uhlose ukunciphisa izikhathi zokuhamba, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi, nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okulinganayo ekunakekelweni kwabantu abahlala kude nezikhungo ezinkulu zasemadolobheni.
Umzila wezempilo ophambili phakathi kweTremp neLleida
Uhambo phakathi kweTremp neLleida okwamanje luthatha cishe imizuzu engama-75 ngomgwaqo , lulandela umzila ongamakhilomitha ayi-100 onezingxenye zezintaba. Ngomzila omusha womoya, isikhathi sokuhamba sizoncishiswa sibe phakathi kwemizuzu engama-40 nengama-50 ngendiza , ngokusho kwezilinganiso ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe ezinikezwe uhulumeni waseCatalan. Ezigabeni zakamuva zephrojekthi, izikhathi ezijwayelekile zendiza sezixoxwa kakade njengemizuzu engama-40-45 , okumelela ukwehla cishe kwesigamu sehora uma kuqhathaniswa nezokuthutha ezivamile.
Ngesikhathi sokuboniswa eSibhedlela Sesifunda sasePallars , ukusebenza kwangempela kwale nsizakalo kwalingiswa: umhlengikazi wabeka i-cooler equkethe amasampula egazi endaweni yemithwalo yedrone ukuze ithunyelwe eLleida. Lolu hlobo lwempahla luhlanganisa izingxenye zegazi, ezinye izinhlobo zamasampula ezinto eziphilayo, imithi, kanye nezinto zezokwelapha okudingeka zifike zisesimweni esihle futhi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Le phrojekthi ikhuthazwa yi- Ministry of the Presidential , nge- Centre for Telecommunications and Information Technologies (CTTI) , kanye ne- Ministry of Health , nge- ICT Health and Social Foundation . Inhloso yayo eshiwoyo ukuthuthukisa izikhathi zokuphendula kanye nokulingana kwendawo ekufinyeleleni izinsiza ezithile zezempilo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo ezinabantu abahlakazekile.
Ukukhethwa kwe-axis ye-Tremp-Lleida akuyona into eyenzeka ngengozi. Kuvela ocwaningweni olunesihloko esithi "Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-drone ohlelweni lwezempilo: izindawo ezibalulekile zokuthunyelwa kwendawo ," olulungiselelwe yi-Fundació TIC Salut i Social. Lo mbiko ukhomba izindawo eziyishumi eziyinhloko kanye nezibhedlela ezingu-15 ngaphakathi kohlelo lomphakathi lwaseCatalan lapho ukusebenzisa imizila yezokunakekelwa kwempilo kusetshenziswa ama-drone kungaba wusizo esikhathini esifushane nesiphakathi , okuhlanganisa nezifunda zezempilo zaseLleida nase -Alt Pirineu i Aran.
Ukukhishwa okuncane komoya kanye nokulondolozwa okungcono kwesampula
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe uhulumeni waseCatalan kusukela ngo-2023 kubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-drone kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhamba uma kuqhathaniswa nezokuthutha ngomgwaqo. Izinhlelo ezimbili zokuhlola zangaphambilini, eyodwa eLa Garrotxa kanye nenye eNorth Metropolitan Health Region , zibonise ukwehla okungaphezu kuka-70% ezikhathini zokuhamba , okusekela ukwamukelwa kwalolu buchwepheshe emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Kodwa akusona isikhathi kuphela esisindisiwe. Ukushintshela ekuthuthweni komoya kuholele ekunciphiseni okungu -98% kokukhishwa kwe-CO₂ uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezivamile, okuhambisana nemigomo yokunciphisa amagesi abangela ukushisa. KuHulumeni, lokhu kubonisa umnikelo oqondile ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa, kodwa kunalokho kukuqinisa.
Kuye kwabonakala nokuthuthuka ngokwemibandela yezokwelapha kuphela. Esivivinyweni sikaGarrotxa, ukwehla cishe ngo-50% kwaqoshwa ekuwohlokeni kwamasampula egazi , into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hemolysis , eba yingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokudlidliza komgwaqo kanye nokuduma. Ezivivinyweni ezenziwa endaweni yedolobha, amasampula athuthwa yi-drone afike esesimweni esihle kakhulu , engathintekile ukungahambi kahle komgwaqo.
Le miphumela iholele abaholi bamaphrojekthi ekugcizeleleni ukuthi ama-drone awagcini nje ngokusheshisa izinto kodwa futhi angathuthukisa ukuthembeka kokuxilongwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amasampula afika emalabhorethri esesimweni esingcono. Ezindaweni lapho umzuzu ngamunye ubalulekile, ukuba namasampula asezingeni eliphezulu kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekuthathweni kwezinqumo zezokwelapha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba le ndlela yokuhamba ingancikile ezimweni zomgwaqo kanye nethrafikhi , ingozi yokubambezeleka ngenxa yokuminyana kwezimoto, ukulungiswa kwemigwaqo, noma izenzakalo ezihlobene nesimo sezulu incishisiwe. Abaphathi beSibhedlela sasePallars baveze ukuthi iqhwa ebusika lingavala imigwaqo , isimo lapho ukuba nomzila womoya ohlukile kuwusizo kakhulu.
Izimvume, izigaba zobuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza kwansuku zonke
Umzila wezindiza iTremp-Lleida usuqedile isigaba sokuqala sokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe nokuphepha , kokubili endaweni yesibhedlela kanye nasendizeni. Lo msebenzi okwamanje ubuyekezwa yi- Spanish State Aviation Safety Agency (AESA) , lapho kulindeleke khona ukuthi uthole imvume ethuthukisiwe ezovumela ukusebenza kwezindiza ezivamile nezizimele ngeziqinisekiso ezigcwele zokuphepha emoyeni .
Uma i-AESA isinike imvume, okulindeleke kuleli hlobo, kuzoqalwa isevisi ehlanganisa izindiza ezihleliwe nemisebenzi engahleliwe kanye nezicelo ezifunwayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngaphezu kokuthunyelwa okuvamile, izindiza ezithile zingavulwa ezimweni eziphuthumayo, isibonelo, ukuthutha amasampula abalulekile, imithi ephuthumayo, noma izingxenye zegazi ezidingekayo ekuhlinzweni.
Ama-drone asetshenziswe kulo msebenzi aklanyelwe ukuthwala imithwalo efinyelela kumakhilogremu amane ezingxenyeni ezilungiselelwe izinto zokwelapha. Anesikhathi sokundiza esilinganiselwa sehora elilodwa , esanele ukumboza uhambo oluphumayo ngesilinganiso sokuphepha. Abasebenzi bezempilo sebeqalile ukuqeqeshwa ukuze bafunde ukulungisa imithwalo, ukulayisha nokukhulula ama-cooler , kanye nokuphatha izinguquko zebhethri uma kudingeka.
Abaholi balo msebenzi bagcizelela nokuthi ubuchwepheshe obuguquguqukayo obungenamingcele yesikhathi : bungasebenza ekuseni, emini, nasebusuku, futhi buklanyelwe ukundiza ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezimbi ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokuphepha emisiwe. Ngokusho koMnyango Wezempilo waseCatalan, lokhu kuzovumela ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwezikhungo ngisho nalapho izimo zezulu zenza kube nzima ukuhamba ngomgwaqo.
Imisebenzi yansuku zonke izogxila ekuhlanganiseni ukusetshenziswa kwama-drone ezinqubweni ezijwayelekile zezokuthutha ezibhedlela , ngokubambisana nezokuthutha ezihamba phansi. Inhloso akuyona ukushintsha ngokuphelele ama-ambulensi noma izimoto zokulethwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa kunalokho ukwengeza lezi zinsiza kanye nokugcina ezokuthutha emoyeni ukuze zilethwe ngokuphuthumayo noma lezo lapho isikhathi noma ikhwalithi yesampula kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuxhumana kwezindawo zasemakhaya kanye nenethiwekhi yemigwaqo yesikhathi esizayo
Enye yezinhloso eziyinhloko zalo msebenzi ukuqinisa ukuxhumana kwezempilo ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezintabeni . UNgqongqoshe Wezempilo, u-Olga Pané , ugcizelele ukuthi eziningi zalezi zindawo zinezikhungo zezempilo ezincane, imitholampilo yendawo, kanye nabantu asebekhulile , lapho ukufinyelela ezinsizeni ezithile kunqunyelwe ibanga kanye nezici zenethiwekhi yemigwaqo.
UDkt. Palmira Borràs , umqondisi weSibhedlela sasePallars , uchaze lesi sinyathelo njengesinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu esifundeni sase-Alt Pirineu . Ngokombono wakhe, ngeke nje kuphela kuthuthukise ukuhamba kwansuku zonke kwamasampula nemithi, kodwa futhi kuzohlinzeka ngosizo olubalulekile ezimweni eziphuthumayo neziphuthumayo , ikakhulukazi ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo lapho ama-drones angafika khona ngaphambi kwabasebenzi bezempilo.
Kulesi simo, ama-drone abhekwa njengokunikeza ukwesekwa emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngokuletha, isibonelo, amadivayisi ezokwelapha ngocingo noma eminye imishini ngokushesha ukusiza abantu abathembele kubo noma labo abanezinkinga zokuhamba. Ezindaweni ezihlakazekile ngokwendawo, leli khono lokuphendula ngokushesha lingasiza ekunciphiseni ukungalingani ekufinyeleleni ukunakekelwa.
UNobhala Wezokuxhumana Nokuguqulwa Kwedijithali, u-Albert Tort , ugcizelele ukuthi umzila weTremp-Lleida uzoba ngowokuqala wohlobo lwawo ezindaweni zasemakhaya kuzwelonke. Uhulumeni waseCatalan uhlose ukudlulela ngale ndlela yokuqala futhi asungule inethiwekhi yemizila yomoya exhumanisa izikhungo zezempilo ezahlukene kulo lonke isifunda.
Eceleni komzila omkhulu, i -Alt Pirineu i Aran Health Region isivele ifunda ngokusetshenziswa kwemigwaqo emisha phakathi kweTremp, iSort, neVielha . Ngokusho kwemibhalo ehlukahlukene esemthethweni nezitatimende, eminye imibiko ikhuluma ngemizila emibili yokuqala emisha , kanti eminye yandisa ububanzi ukuze ifake inani elikhulu lokuxhumana okungenzeka , okuzoqaliswa kancane kancane ngokusekelwe ekufuneni kanye nolwazi olutholiwe.
Imodeli engalinganiswa yohlelo lwezempilo
Umbiko we-Fundació TIC Salut i Social, osekela lo msebenzi, awugcini esifundeni sasePyrenees. Ngemva kokuhlaziya ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuhlanganisa ama-drone ekuphathweni kwezibhedlela zomphakathi ngaphakathi kohlelo lokunakekelwa kwempilo lwaseCatalan, izindawo eziyishumi eziyinhloko kanye nezikhungo eziyishumi nanhlanu zitholakale lapho kubhekwa khona ukuthi kungenzeka ukuqalisa imizila yama-ambulensi omoya ejwayelekile eminyakeni ezayo.
Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, izifunda zezempilo zaseLleida nase-Alt Pirineu i Aran ziphakathi kwalabo abazongenela ukhetho oluphezulu, ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwazo kwamabanga amade, indawo eyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nobuningi babantu obuphansi . Kodwa-ke, umqondo uwukuthi, uma insizakalo isisunguliwe emzileni iTremp-Lleida kanye nokwandiswa kwayo, imodeli ingaphindaphindwa futhi ivumelane nezinye izindawo , kokubili eCatalonia kanye, mhlawumbe, nakweminye imiphakathi ezimele noma emazweni aseYurophu.
Ngokusho kukahulumeni waseCatalan, inhloso ukuthuthukisa "ungqimba lwedijithali" lwezinhlelo zokusebenza oluzovumela ukuphathwa okuhlanganisiwe kwezinketho ezahlukene zokuhamba. Empeleni, lokhu kuzohumusha kube uhlelo olukwazi ukunquma ngokuzenzakalelayo umzila ongcono kakhulu kanye nezindlela zokuhamba ezifanele kakhulu (i-drone noma umgwaqo) ngokusekelwe ekuphuthumeni, izimo zezulu, umthwalo, kanye nesimo senethiwekhi yomgwaqo.
Lo mbono wesikhathi esimaphakathi uhlanganisa nokuhlanganiswa kancane kancane kwamathuluzi okulawula umbono wekhompyutha kanye namarobhothi ukuze kubekwe phambili izicelo, kuhlelwe izinhlelo zendiza, futhi kuthuthukiswe izinsiza. Ngale ndlela, inethiwekhi yama-drone izoba enye ingxenye yengqalasizinda yezempilo yedijithali , exhunywe ezinhlelweni zolwazi zezibhedlela, izikhungo zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, kanye nezinye izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.
Ngokusebenza kwale mizila, uhulumeni waseCatalan uhlose ukusungula iCatalonia njengesibonelo esihamba phambili eSpain naseYurophu sokuhlanganiswa kwama-drone okuthutha impahla ezinkonzweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imodeli yenzelwe ukuba ikwazi ukulinganiswa futhi ivumelane nezinye izimo ezibhekene nezinselele ezifanayo zokusabalala kwendawo kanye nesidingo sokuthuthukisa ukulingana kwendawo.
Ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nezizimele kanye nendlela ye-GovTech
Le phrojekthi iyingxenye yesu likaHulumeni waseCatalan lokuguqula idijithali kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha emphakathini , elihlose ukusebenzisa izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezinseleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphatha umphakathi. Kulokhu, iqondiswa ngohlelo lwe -GovTech Catalunya , olwenzelwe ukusondeza ukuphathwa komphakathi ohlelweni lwezobuchwepheshe nolwebhizinisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amaphrojekthi anobuchwepheshe obuwusizo, obulawulwa kahle, futhi obugxile emiphumeleni.
Baningana abadlali ababalulekile ababandakanyeka kulesi sinyathelo. I -Blood and Tissue Bank inesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwezingxenye zegazi , iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izidingo zokuphepha nokulondolozwa ziyahlangatshezwa. I-T-Systems isebenza njengomlingani wezobuchwepheshe , kuyilapho i-Pirineos Drone ithatha indima yomqhubi wendiza , enesibopho sokusebenza kwe-drone kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yezindiza.
Ngokombono woHulumeni, lolu hlobo lwamaphrojekthi lubhekwa njengolusiza ekwenzeni izinsizakalo zomphakathi zibe zesimanje , ukuzenza zisheshe , zisebenze kahle, futhi zifanele kangcono izidingo zezakhamizi . Kodwa-ke, i-Generalitat igcizelela ukuthi ukuqaliswa kuzokwenzeka kancane kancane, kuhlola ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokwamukelwa ochwepheshe neziguli esigabeni ngasinye.
UNgqongqoshe Wezempilo waseCatalan uchaze ukusetshenziswa kwama-drone "njengobuchwepheshe obuhle bokusebenzela abantu kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo ," kanti uNobhala Wezwe Wezokuxhumana ugcizelela umqondo wobuholi ekuqanjweni okusha okunesibopho okusetshenziswa ezinsizeni zomphakathi. Yomibili iminyango iyavuma ukuthi isihluthulelo akusikho ubuchwepheshe obusha ngokwabo, kodwa umthelela wangempela kwikhwalithi yokunakekelwa kanye nokubumbana kwendawo.
Ngale ndlela ye-ambulensi yomoya, iCatalonia ivula umnyango wendlela entsha yokuqonda ukuthuthwa kwezempilo , lapho ama-drone ehlanganiswa khona nezokuthutha zendabuko ukuze aphendule kangcono ezidingweni ezithile zesifunda. Uma imiphumela iqinisekisa okulindelwe ngokwesikhathi, izindleko, kanye nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa, imodeli ingasebenza njengereferensi kwezinye izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezifuna izixazululo ezifanayo nezinselele zokuntuleka kwabantu basemakhaya kanye nokusabalala kwezindawo.
