UMkhandlu Wedolobha laseMadrid uqalise uhlelo lokuqala lokuqonda kangcono ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zasemadolobheni: inethiwekhi yezinzwa eziyishumi nanhlanu ze-acoustic ezihlonyiswe ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa ezilalela imisindo yezinyoni kanye nemisindo yamalulwane ezindaweni ezimbili eziluhlaza zenhloko-dolobha. La madivayisi, asatshalaliswa phakathi kweMadrid Río kanye nepaki yehlathi laseValdebebas-Felipe VI, acubungula imisindo ngesikhathi sangempela futhi avumela ukuhlonza ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo oludlule phambi kwenzwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugcina irekhodi elilodwa.
Lo msebenzi wethulwe yiSithunywa Sokuhlela Amadolobha, Imvelo, kanye Nokuhamba, uBorja Carabante, ephelezelwa yiKhansela lase-Arganzuela, uLola Navarro, emcimbini obubanjelwe eMadrid Río Interpretation Center. Ngesikhathi somcimbi, uCarabante ugcizelele ukuthi ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe kungaba “abangane abakhulu” ekulondolozeni ifa lemvelo kanye nokuqhubekela “edolobheni elizinzile neliqinile elizinikele ekuhlukahlukeni kwezinto eziphilayo kwalo.”
Inethiwekhi yezinzwa ezingaqophi, kodwa ezilalelayo
Isici esiyinhloko salezi zixhobo, ezakhiwe futhi zakhiqizwa ngokuphelele eSpain, ukuthi azisebenzi njengerekhoda evamile. Uma zithola i-ultrasound yezinyoni noma yelulwane, zicubungula isignali ngokushesha zisebenzisa ama-algorithms obuhlakani bokwenziwa. Uma uhlobo selutholakele, isignali yomsindo iyalahlwa, bese kugcinwa umphumela wokutholwa kuphela, kanye nosuku, isikhathi esiqondile, izinga lokushisa, umswakama ohlobene, kanye nengcindezi yomoya ngaleso sikhathi.
Le ndlela iqinisekisa ubumfihlo futhi igwema ukugcinwa kwamafayela alalelwayo, isici esivumela abacwaningi ukuthi batadishe izinhlobo "ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuzibamba noma ukuphazamisa i-biology yazo, intuthuko, noma imikhuba yazo." Izinzwa zisebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, zinikeza ochwepheshe ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kwedatha eqondile nesesikhathini.
Kubonwe okungaphezu kuka-12.000 ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala
Imiphumela yokuqala isivele iveze izibalo ezikhangayo. EMadrid Río, izinzwa eziyisikhombisa ezifakiwe zikhombe izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-66, kanye nokubonwa okungu-1.564, kanye nezinhlobo zamalulwane ezingu-13, ezikhiqize amarekhodi angu-221. Phakathi kwezinyoni ezivame ukubonwa yi-Eurasian magpie, i-European serin, i-European goldfinch, i-common swift, kanye ne-European penduline tit. Ngokuphathelene namalulwane, izinhlobo ezivame ukutholakala yilulwane elikhulu elinendlebe yegundane, ilulwane likaNathusius, ilulwane elikhulu le-ortolan, kanye nelulwane elikhulu lehlathi.
Epaki lehlathi laseValdebebas-Felipe VI, lapho kufakwe khona izinzwa eziyisishiyagalombili, umsebenzi oqoshiwe ube mkhulu nakakhulu. Lapho, kubhalwe khona ukubonwa kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-6.885 kanye nokubonwa kwezinhlobo zamalulwane ezingu-3.578 ezingu-23. I-magpie, i-serin, i-goldfinch, i-swift, kanye ne-blackbird yikho okuhamba phambili ohlwini lwezinyoni, kanti phakathi kwamalulwane, i-lesser noctule, ilulwane likaNathusius, ilulwane likaCabrera, i-common buzzard, kanye nelulwane elinohlangothi oluphaphathekile.
Le datha iqinisekisa zombili lezi zindawo njengezindawo zokuphephela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinto eziphilayo zasenhloko-dolobha, yize zingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yokuzijabulisa. Ukuqhathanisa ipaki elimatasa lasemadolobheni njengeMadrid Río nendawo yemvelo nebanzi njengeValdebebas kuzovumela abacwaningi ukuthi bafunde ukuthi izilwane zasendle zisabela kanjani ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezihlukene kakhulu.
Iwele ledijithali lokuphatha ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo
Lonke ulwazi oluqoqwe yizinzwa luhlanganiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwipulatifomu yezobuchwepheshe esebenza njengewele ledijithali lezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene. Leli thuluzi livumela ukubonakala ngesikhathi sangempela kwezinhlobo ezitholakele kanye nokuhlaziywa kokusatshalaliswa kwazo kwendawo nesikhathi. Ipulatifomu ifaka amadeshibhodi anamagrafu ashukumisayo, izinkomba, amathebula ezibalo, namamephu okushisa, kanye nesistimu yolwazi lwendawo (i-GIS) evumela ochwepheshe bakamasipala ukuthi baseshe ngezinhlobo, indawo yokuhlala, inkomba yezemvelo, noma indawo.
Le phrojekthi iphinde ihlanganise amathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa akhiqizayo, ngokusebenzisa amasu okukhuthaza, akhiqiza imibiko yobuchwepheshe ehlelekile futhi eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Lo msebenzi uhlose ukwenza lula umsebenzi wamaqembu aphethe ukuphathwa kwemvelo futhi enze lula ukuhlolwa kwezinqubomgomo zokulondolozwa kusetshenziswa idatha eqondile, eqhubekayo, nesesikhathini.
Ngokusho kukaCarabante, uma isikhathi sesivivinyo sesiphelile, le nethiwekhi kulindeleke ukuthi inwetshwe iye kwezinye izindawo eziluhlaza enhloko-dolobha futhi isetshenziswe nasekuhlaziyeni ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, njengezimpungushe, kanye nezilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ngalesi sinyathelo, iMadrid ihlanganisa isikhundla sayo njengomholi ekusetshenzisweni kwezixazululo ezintsha zokulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasemadolobheni , okubonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bungaba umsizi onamandla ekuvikeleni ifa lemvelo.
Inethiwekhi yezinzwa ze-acoustic esebenzisa i-AI isivele ibonise amandla ayo okuguqula ukuphathwa kwemvelo komasipala. Njengoba kunezibhengezo ezingaphezu kuka-12.000 eziqoshiwe kanye nohlelo olungagcini umsindo, iMadrid ithathe isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuphathweni kwezinto eziphilayo ngokusekelwe kudatha yangempela neqondile. Ukuhlanganiswa kokuqapha kwe-acoustic, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha kuzovumela ochwepheshe bakamasipala ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa zokuvikela izindawo eziluhlaza futhi bathuthele edolobheni elizinzile elizinikele ezilwaneni zalo zasendle.