I-Strain Gauge Sensor ene-HX711: Konke Odinga Ukukwazi

  • Ukusebenza kanye nezinzuzo zamageji e-strain asebenzayo kanye nesisindo sokulinganisa
  • Iqhaza elibalulekile lebhuloho le-Wheatstone kanye nemojula ye-HX711 ekunembeni kwesignali kanye nokwenza idijithali
  • Ukuhlanganisa, ukuxhuma kanye nenqubo yokulinganisa yesikali sedijithali esenziwe ekhaya nge-HX711
  • Amathiphu abalulekile kanye nezicelo ezisebenzayo zokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu

inzwa ye-strain gauge hx711

Namuhla, isilinganiso esinembile sesisindo namandla Iwukhiye kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni kanye namaphrojekthi asekhaya nawocwaningo. Uma uke wazibuza Iyini inzwa ye-strain gauge? nokuthi ihambisana kanjani ne- Ingxenye ye-HX711 Uma ufuna indlela yokudala izikali zedijithali ezinembayo eziphezulu, usufike endaweni efanele. Lapha, sizohlukanisa zonke izici, kusukela kuthiyori kuye kuye ekusebenzeni, ukuze uqonde yonke imininingwane futhi ufunde ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani isistimu yakho yokukala.

Ezikhathini zamuva ukusetshenziswa sekuye kwathandwa ama-strain gauges kanye namamojula afana ne- HX711 ekwakhiweni kwezikali zokuzenzela, imikhiqizo yasekhaya ezishintshayo, ngisho nokuhlolwa kwesikole. Okuhle kunakho konke, lezi zingxenye ziyathengeka, ziyahambisana namapulatifomu afana ne-Arduino, futhi ziyakuvumela izilinganiso ezinokwethenjelwa ezingeni lochwepheshe Uma zilinganiswe kahle. Ake sibheke isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kukho konke, kusukela ekusebenzeni okuyisisekelo kuya ekuhlanganiseni nasekuhleleni.

Iyini i-strain gauge futhi isebenza kanjani?

La i-strain gauge Kuyinto a inzwa ye-piezoresistive okuguqula ukuwohloka (kungaba ngokucindezela, ukudonsa noma ukucindezelwa) kube ukuhluka kokumelana nogesi, okusivumela ukuthi silinganise ngokungaqondile amandla noma isisindo esisetshenziswa endaweni. Lesi sakhiwo siyisisekelo senzwa yomthwalo kumaseli omthwalo wesimanje..

Ekwakhekeni kwayo okuyisisekelo, igeji yokuzizwa iqukethe u-a i-metallic filament enhle kakhulu ibekwe ngaphakathi kwefilimu yokunamathisela. Lapho isakhiwo esinamathiselwe kuso sikhubazekile, i-filament iyanwebeka noma icindezele, ishintshe ukumelana kwayo. Lolu shintsho, nakuba luncane, lulingana namandla asetshenziswayo. futhi ingahlaziywa ngogesi.

Umphumela we-piezoresistive Ukumelana negeji kuyenyuka lapho yeluliwe, futhi kuyehla lapho kucindezela. Lokhu kuvumela umzamo womzimba ukuthi uguqulwe ube isignali kagesi elinganiswa ngokunembile.

Lawa ma-gauge ngokuvamile anezilinganiso zokumelana ezijwayelekile njengokuthi 120Ω, 350Ω noma 1000Ω, futhi izinguquko ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa zincane: isibonelo, ukuhluka nje kuka-0.12 Ω ngaphezu kuka-120 Ω ngemithwalo ebalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwesistimu efanelekile yokukhulisa nokulinganisa, lokhu kuhluka okuncane kungaba nzima ukukubona.

Iseli yokulayisha: ukusetshenziswa kwamageji obunzima

Una layisha iseli Kuyi-transducer esebenzisa ama-strain gauge ukuze guqula amandla emishini abe amasignali kagesiIsimiso sokusebenza silula: igeji eyodwa noma ngaphezulu inamathiselwe esakhiweni sensimbi esiklanyelwe ukonakala ngokubikezelwa ngaphansi komthwalo. Uma isisindo sisetshenziswa, isakhiwo siyashintsha, njengoba kwenza ama-gauge, futhi isignali kagesi ehambisana nokucindezeleka iyakhiqizwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli omthwalo (i-hydraulic, pneumatic, strain gauge, njll.), nakuba kuma-electronics namasistimu ashumekiwe okuvame kakhulu yi-strain gauge. Ukwakheka kwayo okungaguquki kuvumela a ukunemba okuphezulu nokuzinza.

Amaseli ayahlukahluka ngobukhulu, ukuma, umthamo, kanye nokuhlelwa komshini, kusukela kwabancane anesisindo samagremu kuya kwezinguqulo zezimboni ezinesisindo samathani.

Ngaphakathi, amaseli amaningi omthwalo akhweza amageji ohlobo angu-1, 2 noma angu-4 akha ibhuloho le-Wheatstone., isifunda sikagesi esizwela ukuhluka okuncane kokumelana.

I-Wheatstone Bridge: Imfihlo Yokuzwela

El I-Wheatstone Bridge Kuyinto a isifunda of resistors ezine ahlelwe isikwele, lapho kungaba yigeji eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Uma ungekho umthwalo, isekethe iyalingana futhi awukho umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kokuphumayo kwayo. Lapho ama-gauge ekhubazekile, lokhu kulinganisa kuyaphulwa. futhi kubonakale umehluko wamandla kagesi okubonisa umthwalo osetshenzisiwe.

Lokhu kulungiselelwa iphindaphinda ukuzwela ezinguqukweni zokumelana futhi ivumela ukutholwa kokuhluka okuncane, obekungeke kwenzeke ukuthwebula ngenye indlela.

Ezilinganisweni zasekhaya noma zaselabhorethri, kuvamile ukusebenzisa amageji amane akha ibhuloho eliphelele le-Wheatstone, njengoba kunjalo ngezikali eziningi zokugezela kanye nezinkundla zokukala. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa amaphutha okushisa futhi kuthuthukise ukuhambisana nokunemba.

Kungani sidinga imojula ye-HX711?

Nakuba ibhuloho le-Wheatstone likhulisa ukuhlukahluka kwamandla kagesi, izinguquko zincane kakhulu (ngokuhleleka kwama-microvolts). Izilawuli ezincane ezifana ne-Arduino azikwazi ukuzibona, ingasaphathwa eyokuthatha izilinganiso ezinembile.

El Ingxenye ye-HX711 Kuyi-chip eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile amasistimu okukala anamaseli omthwalo wegeji ye-strain, enza kube lula ukufundwa okunembile.

El HX711 isebenza njenge i-amplifier yezinsimbi y I-24-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC)Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uku:

  • Thola isignali ehlukile evela ebhulohweni le-Wheatstone.
  • Yikhulise ukufunda kalula.
  • Iguqule ibe isignali yedijithali enokulungiswa okuphezulu ukuze i-microcontroller ikwazi ukuyicubungula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HX711 ifaka isikhombimsebenzisi esilula sedijithali esinamaphinikhodi angu-2 kuphela (Iwashi nedatha), afana nebhasi le-I2C, okwenza kube lula ukuxhumana nokuxhumana nesofthiwe.

Izici ze-HX711 module

El HX711 Igqama ngokuzwela kwayo okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ezinye zezici zayo eziyinhloko yilezi:

  • Ukunemba kwe-24-bit ukuthola izinguquko zesisindo esincane.
  • Ukukhulisa isignali okudidiyelwe nokuhlelekayo (imvamisa i-x128 noma i-x64).
  • Amashaneli amabili azimele wokufaka we-analog.
  • Isixhumi esibonakalayo sedijithali esinamaphinikhodi angu-2 (Idatha ye-Serial kanye newashi le-serial).
  • Ukondla kwe 2,6V ukuze 5,5V, iyahambisana ne-Arduino nezinye izilawuli ezincane.
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.

Imojula ivamise ukuza nemigqa emibili yamaphini: eyodwa yokuxhuma kuseli yokulayisha kanye neyesilawuli esincane.

Lawa maphini ngokuvamile alebulwa ngokuthi: E+, E-, A+, A-, VCC, GND, DT, SCKIzintambo ezijwayelekile zamaseli wokulayisha yilezi:

  • Bomvu: Ukujabula okuhle (E+ / VCC)
  • Omnyama: Injabulo engalungile (E- / GND)
  • Okumhlophe: Okukhiphayo okungalungile (A-)
  • Luhlaza: Okukhiphayo okuhle (A+)

Izinhlobo zokuxhuma nokulayisha okuhlukile kwamaseli

Izintambo ezijwayelekile zamaseli wokulayisha zinezintambo ezine, nakuba imibala ingahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi. Ezinye izinguqulo ezishibhile noma ezigaywe kabusha zinezintambo ezintathu, kuyilapho ezithuthuke kakhulu zifaka ucingo lwesihlanu oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lokuvikela noma ukubeka phansi.

Kumaphrojekthi asekhaya, amaseli omthwalo ajwayelekile kakhulu 5 kg noma 20 kg, nakuba kunezinguqulo ezifika ku-50 kg noma ngaphezulu zezicelo zezimboni.

Ukuxhuma amaseli amaningana, njengasezikalini zokugezela, a imojula yesihlanganisi noma uxhumano lwezandla, oludinga ulwazi lukagesi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela isiqondiso somcibisholo oseseli ukuze uthole isilinganiso esifanele, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye emaphakathi ihlala ikhululekile futhi ukuwohloka kulungile.

Ukuhlanganisa isikali sedijithali: izinto zokwakha nokuxhumana

ukwakha a isikali sedijithali Ngama-strain gauges kanye ne-HX711, uzodinga:

  • I-microcontroller (Arduino UNO, Nano, Mega, ESP8266, njll.).
  • Okungenani iseli elilodwa lomthwalo (1kg, 5kg, 20kg… njengoba kudingeka).
  • Idatha ye-HX711
  • Indawo eqinile yesikhulumi.
  • Amakhebula, izixhumi nezikulufu.

Ngokuzithandela, ungakwazi ukwengeza:

  • Isikrini se-LCD noma isibonisi ukukhombisa isisindo.
  • Izinkinobho ze-tare nemodi.
  • Izisekelo noma amapuleti esakhiwo.
  • Izingxenye zokuxhuma ezifana ne-WiFi noma i-Bluetooth ene-ESP8266/ESP32.

Izixhumanisi zilula:

  1. Xhuma izintambo zamaseli kumaphini we-HX711: Okubomvu kuya ku-E+, Okumnyama kuya ku-E-, Okumhlophe kuya ku-A-, Okuluhlaza kuya ku-A+.
  2. I-VCC ne-GND ye-HX711 kuya ku-5V kanye ne-GND yesilawuli esincane.
  3. I-DT ne-SCK ye-HX711 kuya kumaphini wedijithali (isibonelo 3 no-2).
  4. Faka iseli esakhiweni, uqinisekise ukuthi indawo emaphakathi kuphela ehlala ikhululekile ukuze kulinganiswe kahle.

Ukuhlela nge-Arduino nokulinganisa isikali

Ukuze ufunde idatha, i Isitolo sezincwadi sikaBogde HX711, itholakala ku-Arduino IDE Library Manager. Ezinye izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

  • qala(pinData, pinClock): qala imojuli.
  • imisebenzi: usetha isisindo esiyiziro emsebenzini we-tare.
  • set_scale(scale): ichaza isici esiguqula ukufundwa kube amayunithi esisindo.
  • funda() / read_average(n): thola ukufundwa okuluhlaza noma okumaphakathi.
  • get_value(n): ibuyisela ukufundwa ngaphandle kwesisindo se-tare.
  • thola_amayunithi(n): inikeza isisindo esilungiswe ngesilinganiso kanye ne-tare.

Ukulinganisa kuhlanganisa ukubeka isisindo esaziwayo, ukuthatha ukufundwa, nokubala isici sesikali: isikali = ukufunda / isisindo sangempela. Ibe seyethulwa kukhodi ukuze ilungiselwe ukufundwa okuzayo.

Kunconywa ukuthatha izilinganiso eziningi futhi ulungise isici sesikali kusiqaphi sochungechunge ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile futhi ezinzile.

Izinhlelo zesampula zesikali sedijithali nge-HX711 ne-Arduino

Isibonelo esilula esibonisa isisindo ku-serial monitor singaba:

#faka phakathi "HX711.h" #define CALIBRATION 20780.0 // Faka esikhundleni nge-value byte pin yakhoData = 3; i-byte pinClk = 2; Ibhalansi ye-HX711; i-void setup() {Serial.begin(9600); balance.begin(pinData, pinClk); balance.set_scale(CALIBRATION); balance.tare(); } iluphu engenalutho() {Serial.print("Isisindo samanje:"); I-serial.print(balance.get_units(10), 1); I-serial.println("kg"); ukubambezeleka (500); }

Isistimu ingathuthukiswa ngokungeza isibonisi se-LCD, izinkinobho, noma ukugcina isikali ku-EEPROM ukuze sikale ngokushesha nangokunembile, kuzuzwe ulwazi oluchwepheshile.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka kanye nezeluleko ezisebenzayo

1. Ukwehluka kwemibala yezintambo: Hlola ukuxhumana usebenzisa i-database noma ngokulinganisa ukumelana. Ngokuvamile, ipheya enokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu ihambisana nesasasa (+/-).

2. Ukufundwa okungahambisani: Shintshanisa okuphumayo okungu-A+ no-A- uma izilinganiso zibonakala zihlehlisiwe noma zenza iphutha.

3. Ukuzinza kwemishini: Qiniseka ukuthi uvikela iseli ngendlela efanele nokuthi ingxenye emaphakathi yesakhiwo kuphela esekela isisindo ukugwema amaphutha.

4. Umsindo nokuphazamiseka: Sebenzisa izintambo ezimfishane, ezivikelekile uma kungenzeka, futhi ususe isistimu kude nemithombo yomsindo kagesi.

5. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa: Izikali zizwela izinguquko ezishisayo; uma kungenzeka, yenza ukulinganisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezizinzile noma sebenzisa amaseli anamageji angu-4.

Ukunwetshwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwesistimu

Ngesistimu yakho yokusebenza, ungakwazi ukwengeza izici:

  • Bonisa isisindo esikrinini se-LCD.
  • Setha izexwayiso ngemikhawulo yesisindo.
  • Ixhume emafini nge-ESP8266/ESP32 ukuze igadwe ngesilawuli kude.
  • Yisebenzise ekuhloleni, ekulinganiseni kwesithako, ezishintshayo, ezishintshayo zasekhaya, njll.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-HX711 kusiza amaphrojekthi ezemfundo, ukulawulwa kwempahla, izikali zezentengiselwano, isilawuli sesilinda segesi, neminye imibono eminingi yokudala.

mf01
I-athikili ehlobene:
Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana MF01 force sensor

Qala ingxoxo

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.