Ukwanda kwezikhungo zedatha eSpain kuvule ingxoxo entsha: ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Ngenkathi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali kukhulisa isidingo samandla okusebenzisa amakhompyutha, lo mkhakha ufuna ukukhombisa ukuthi izikhungo zawo zingasebenza kahle futhi zihloniphe izinsiza zemvelo. Emphakathini waseMadrid, iziphathimandla ziphendule ekugxekweni kokuthi la maphrojekthi asongela ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi esifundeni.
UNgqongqoshe Wezokwenziwa Kwedijithali, uMiguel López-Valverde, ubelokhu egcizelela esitatimendeni sakhe, egomela ngokuthi isimangalo sokuthi izikhungo zedatha zizoshiya iMadrid zingenamanzi siwukujwayelekile okungamanga ngokobuchwepheshe . La mazwi afika ngesikhathi lapho ukuncintisana phakathi kwezifunda ukuze kudonswe utshalomali kwezobuchwepheshe kuyanda futhi umbono womphakathi ufuna ukucaca okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsiza.
Umphakathi waseMadrid uvikela ukusebenza kahle kwezikhungo zawo zedatha
Ungqongqoshe wesifunda ugcizelele ukuthi lesi sifunda sinezikhungo zedatha zokusebenza ezingu-40 kanye nezinye ezingu-15 ezisakhiwa, okuyisibalo esibeka iMadrid njengomholi kazwelonke futhi sihamba phambili emadolobheni afana neFrankfurt, iLondon, i-Amsterdam, neParis. Izinhlelo ezintsha zokupholisa ezivaliwe zivumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi noma ngisho nokuqeda ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokusebenza , okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okufika ku-90% uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwangaphambilini. Ngokusho kwemithombo ngaphakathi kukahulumeni wesifunda, le ntuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ayizuzisi amanzi kuphela kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngokunciphisa ugesi odingekayo ukuze kugcinwe imishini ekushiseni okufanele.
Ummeleli we-digitalization ugcizelele ukuthi izikhungo zedatha ziyisisekelo sokusekela i-digitalization kanye ne-Artificial Intelligence, nokuthi ukukhula kwale ngqalasizinda kuyahambisana nokuvikela izinsiza. Lesi simo siqiniswa yimithetho yaseYurophu edinga ukucaca mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla namanzi kwalezi zikhungo zedatha, isiqondiso esivele sisebenza esibophezela izikhungo ezinamandla angaphezu kuka-500 kW ukuthi zinikeze ulwazi lomphakathi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa: isihluthulelo sokonga amanzi
Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zedatha ezintsha uhlelo lokupholisa oluvaliwe. Ngokungafani nezinhlelo zendabuko zokuhwamuka, ezidinga ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi njalo, i-loop evaliwe isebenzisa isiqandisi esijikeleza sodwa futhi esingakhishwa emoyeni . Ngakho-ke, uma sesigcwalisiwe, asidingi ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuqhubekayo kusuka kumapayipi amakhulu. Le ndlela ibuye ivumele ukuphathwa okungcono kokushisa futhi isize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yamakhompyutha isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezizinzile.
Lezi zikhungo ezintsha azigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kodwa futhi zifinyelela ukusebenza kahle kwamandla (i-PUE) eduze kuka-1, okusho ukuthi cishe wonke amandla asetshenziselwa ukubala futhi izinsiza ezimbalwa zinikezelwe ekupholiseni. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwamanzi nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, okufana nokupholisa amanzi ashisayo kwe-AI yokukhiqiza , sekuyinto ebalulekile emiphakathini nakomasipala abasekela ukufika kwale misebenzi.
Uhulumeni ulungiselela imithethonqubo yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa futhi ufuna kube sobala kakhudlwana.
Ingcindezi yomphakathi iholele uhulumeni waseSpain ukuthi alungiselele imithethonqubo ezonciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezikhungweni zedatha futhi iqinisekise ukuthi ugesi abawusebenzisayo uvela emithonjeni evuselelekayo ngaphandle kokulimaza eminye imikhakha. Lesi sinyathelo siza ngemuva kwezikhalazo e-Aragon mayelana nokuntuleka kokucaca ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsiza, nangemva kokuba i-European Union yethule izibopho zokubika zalezi zikhungo. I-EU Energy Efficiency Directive isivele idinga izikhungo zedatha ezinomthamo ongaphezu kuka-500 kW ukuthi zibike ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okulahliwe . Ngakho-ke, iSpain ijoyina le nhlangano nomthetho wayo ohlose ukuvumelanisa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe nokusimama.
Ibhalansi phakathi kokwenziwa kwedijithali kanye nemvelo
Inselele yesikhathi esizayo ukuhlanganisa isidingo sezikhungo zedatha ezengeziwe nokulondolozwa kwamanzi namandla. Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ukusungula izinto ezintsha ezinhlelweni zokupholisa kuyindlela eshesha kakhulu yokunciphisa umthelela, kodwa futhi bakhomba ukubaluleka kokuthola ingqalasizinda ezindaweni lapho amanzi engeyona imithombo eyindlala khona. Kulokhu, imiphakathi ezimele njengeMadrid igcizelela ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bayo obusezingeni eliphezulu yibo obuzoyivumela ukuthi ifinyelele imigomo yokuzinza ngaphandle kokudela intuthuko yedijithali.
Ukuzibophezela ekuthuthukisweni okunesibopho kuqiniswa yintshisekelo yezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ezifuna ukusungula izikhungo zazo eSpain. Kodwa-ke, ingcindezi yomphakathi kanye nemithethonqubo eqinile eyandayo iholela izinkampani ekufuneni izixazululo zokungasebenzisi amanzi nhlobo, njengoba kunjalo nangabanye abaqhubi abasebenzisa ukupholisa amanzi ashisayo ukuze bathole i-AI enikwe amandla avuselelekayo.
Umphakathi waseMadrid ugcizelela ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa amandla ngendlela eyongayo kunciphisa umthelela wezikhungo zedatha emvelweni, nokuthi lo mkhuba uzokhula eminyakeni ezayo. Ngesikhathi evakashele echibini lase-El Atazar, uNgqongqoshe Wesifunda uLópez-Valverde uphinde wathi imigomo yokukhula kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo iyahambisana ngokuphelele uma ubuchwepheshe obutholakalayo busetshenziswa.
Ngamafuphi, impi yokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezikhungweni zedatha ayisapheli. Ngenkathi izikhungo zaseYurophu nezamazwe ngamazwe zilungiselela imithetho emisha, izifunda zifuna ukuzibeka njengezindawo ezikhangayo zokutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi ukusimama kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhula kwedijithali. Ukusebenza kahle kwamanzi sekuyinto ebalulekile yokusebenza kwale misebenzi . ISpain, enomongo wayo ohlukile wamanzi, ayikwazi ukungayinaki le nselele, futhi okwamanje, ukuzibophezela ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha kubonakala kuyindlela eqinile kakhulu yokuhlanganisa intuthuko ye-AI nokuhlonipha imvelo.
