I-Raspberry Pi ikhiphe izincazelo ezimbili ezintsha ze Izixhumi ze-PCIe FFC, kokubili okokufaka izintambo kanye nezinga elisha le-HAT+ noma i-HAT Plus. Ngale ndlela, ihadiwe noma izesekeli zingathuthukiswa i-Raspberry Pi, ikakhulukazi izinguqulo 4 no-5, njengoba iza nezicaciso ezithile mayelana nobukhulu bemishini nokuhambisana kukagesi.
Hhayi-ke, uma ungathanda ukwazi le mininingwane ye thuthukisa i-HAT yakho noma nje ngenxa yelukuluku, nakhu unayo yonke imininingwane...
PCIe FFC isixhumi izintambo: imininingwane
I-Raspberry Pi 5 entsha imenyezelwe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, futhi i-Raspberry Pi Foundation isivele ihambisa izinto ezithokozisayo zale SBC entsha. Isibonelo, ikhiphe imininingwane yalokhu okusha I-PCIe FFC isixhumi ongasibona esithombeni esingenhla naku-PDF engiyinamathisela ngezansi.
Abanye abantu kungenzeka ukuthi bebezama ngayo futhi baze bakhipha nemikhiqizo efana ne- M.2 ISIGCAWU ye-Raspberry Pi 5 kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukuze ikwazi ukuxhuma amayunithi wokugcina we-M.2, amanethiwekhi, njll., njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, nakuba i-pinout kanye nokucaciswa kwakungatholakali.
Kepha manje iRaspberry Pi isikhiphe ngokusemthethweni imininingwane yokwenza izinto zibe lula ngesixhumi se-PCIe FFC esitholakala ku-Raspberry Pi 5, kanye namamodeli wesikhathi esizayo okungenzeka. Isixhumi se-FFC esinamaphini angu-16 esinokuphakama okungu-0.5 mm sihlanganisa a Isixhumi esibonakalayo somzila owodwa we-PCIe 2.0 (x1), into ebesiyazi kakade, kodwa manje umdwebo wephinikhodi nezincomo zekhebula ye-FFC (efika ku-50 mm ubude ne-impedance elawulwa ku-90R +/- 10%) nayo yenziwe yatholakala.
Kuyiqiniso lokho I-PCIe Gen 2 Kungase kubonakale kuphelelwe yisikhathi, njengoba ku-PC sesivele sine-PCIe Gen 5, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kule Raspberry Pi kwanele ngenxa yejubane elinikezayo. Isibonelo, singathembela kulokhu:
- Ububanzi: Izinga lokudlulisa ngomzila ngamunye lifika ku-5.0 GT/s (ama-gigatransfer ngomzuzwana) ngomzila ngamunye, lokho kuzoba ubuningi esingasifinyelela ngaleli zinga. Lokhu kunikeza isivinini setiyori esiphezulu esingu-500 MB/s ohlangothini ngalunye.
- Imizila: Njengoba kungenzeka uyazi, i-PCIe 2.0 isekela ukucupha ngezinombolo ezahlukene zemizila, njenge-x1, x2, x4, x8, kanye ne-x16. Kodwa-ke, i-Raspberry Pi, njengoba ngishilo, isekela kuphela i-x1.
- Ukuhambisana Kwemuva: I-PCIe 2.0 ibuyela emuva iyahambisana nenguqulo yangaphambilini, i-PCIe 1.0. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amadivayisi we-PCIe 1.0 angasebenza ku-PCIe 2.0 slot futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, nakuba ngesivinini sokudlulisa senguqulo endala.
- Ukubambezeleka: Ukubambezeleka ngokuvamile kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PCIe 1.0, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kokudluliswa kwedatha.
- Amandla: I-PCIe 2.0 ifaka phakathi izici ezithuthukisiwe zokuphatha amandla, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kahle uma idivayisi ingasetshenziswa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zincazelo eze-PCIe 2.0 ngokuvamile, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuthile kungase kuhluke ngomkhiqizi we-chipset kanye ne-SBC. Futhi, njengoba uJeff Geerling ebonisile, i-PCIe Gen 3 inganikwa amandla, nakuba lokhu kungasemthethweni...
I-Raspberry Pi HAT + ejwayelekile: imininingwane
Sengikushilo lokho ngesixhumi esisha se-PCIe FFC, manje sidlulela ku-HAT, futhi isikhiphe ngokusemthethweni i-Hardware ejwayelekile ku-Top imininingwane yezigqoko ezethulwa i-SBC Raspberry Pi 5 entsha, njengoba yethulwe kusukela ngo-2014 ekwazi ukwandisa amakhono ale SBC, esivele isiphelelwe yisikhathi, futhi ukucaciswa okusha kwezinga manje sekubizwa nge-HAT+ noma i-HAT Plus.
Yebo, imininingwane Yilezi ezilandelayo:
- I-HAT+ kufanele ihambisane ngogesi nesimo samandla se-STANDBY se-Raspberry Pi 5. Ngakho-ke, indlela yamandla engu-5V ivuliwe, kodwa indlela yamandla engu-3.3V izovalwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ku-Pi 4 ne-Pi 5, isimo esingekho kumamodeli amadala we-SBC. Ukwengeza, phawula imininingwane emibili engase ibaluleke ngalo mqondo:
- I-WARM-STANDBY: kulokhu, i-Raspberry Pi inazo zonke izindlela zamandla ezinikwe amandla, imodi ezenzakalelayo lapho isistimu ifakwa khona lapho kwenziwa "i-sudo halt" noma umsebenzi wokuvala okuthambile ngenkinobho yamandla ebhodini. I-WARM-STANDBY iyona ezenzakalelayo ku-Raspberry Pi OS, ngakho-ke kokubili i-5V ne-3.3V inikwe amandla, yingakho ngilinganise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungu-1.7W ku-Raspberry Pi 5 lapho kucishiwe. Singashintsha /boot/config.txt (POWER_OFF_ON_HALT=1, WAKE_ON_GPIO=0) ukuze sinciphise lokho kuvale kuqanda. Pho kungani ingavunyelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo? Ngoba ezinye izigqoko zidinga kokubili i-5V ne-3.3V, kodwa i-HAT+ idinga eyodwa engu-5V kuphela. Vele, kuyacelwa ukuthi ukufinyelela kwezinye izixhumi kanye ne-Raspberry Pi 5 epholile esebenzayo kungaphazanyiswa.
- I-STANDBY: kulokhu kuphela ulayini we-5V onikwe amandla, ngakho-ke i-chip yokuphatha amandla inikwe amandla. Nokho, azikho ezinye izinto zikagesi ezinikwe amandla ku-PMIC noma ebhodini. Ingalungiselelwa ukufaka le modi kusetshenziswa umyalo othi "sudo halt" noma ngenkinobho yokuvala shaqa yebhodi kusetshenziswa i-EEPROM.
- Manje ubukhulu bomzimba be-HAT abunandaba njengakuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukucaciswa okuphathelene nobukhulu akucacisi kangako. Okusho ukuthi, ibhodi le-HAT+ lidinga kuphela ukuxhuma kunhlokweni we-GPIO wezindlela ezingu-40 (okuhlanganisa nezikhonkwane ze-ID_*), futhi okungenani ibe nembobo eyodwa yokufaka engumshini eqondaniswe neyodwa yezimbobo ezine ezifakwayo ze-Raspberry Pi, okunye kumahhala. okomklami.
- Ngokuqondene nokuqukethwe kwenkumbulo ye-HAT ye-EEPROM, manje yenziwe lula ukuze kwenziwe izinto zibe lula.
- Ukucaciswa okusha noma ikilasi elikhethekile le-HAT+ manje seliyasekelwa elingapakishwa nge-HAT+ eyengeziwe phezulu, nokudala inqwaba yama-HAT afika kwangu-2.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhodi e-HAT+ azobuyela emuva nge-elekthronikhi ahambisane namamodeli amadala, ngakho angasetshenziswa kumabhodi we-Raspberry Pi SBC ngaphambi kwe-Pi 4 ne-5. Kodwa kuphela ezingeni le-elekthronikhi, njengoba angase adinge i-firmware nesofthiwe ebuyekeziwe. ukusebenza ngendlela efanele. Futhi yengeza ukuthi isizathu esisodwa sokuthi kungani ukucaciswa kwe-HAT+ okusanda kukhishwa kusesesigabeni sokusalungiswa ukuthi izinsiza ze-EEPROM zisazobuyekezwa kumapharamitha amasha, alula we-EEPROM.