La I-Alfonso X iYunivesithi yaseWise (UAX) Lokhu kuphawula uguquko olukhulu ekufakweni komlomo ngokwenza ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi lapho kwafakwa khona izifakelo eziyisithupha ngesikhathi esisodwa esigulini esinovalo oluphelele. Lokhu kuyindaba ye-arch egcwele engenamazinyo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuqondiswa kwesistimu futhi kwandisa inselele yobuchwepheshe eqenjini.
Lokhu kungenelela kubeka i-UAX njenge- eyunivesithi yokuqala yaseYurophu Lo msebenzi wawuhilela ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi ukuze kufakwe izimila eziyisithupha esigulini esingenamazinyo, kuhlanganiswe inqubo endaweni yokufundisa yangempela. Leli cala lihlanganisa ubunzima obukhulu bezokwelapha, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nokubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo kwabafundi abaphothule ekuhlinzeni ngomlomo kanye ne-implantology.
Icala lokuqala lokufakelwa izitho eziyisithupha esigulini esingenamazinyo
Lo msebenzi wenziwe e- Imitholampilo Yamazinyo ye-UAXEMadrid, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-Master's Degree in Oral Surgery and Implantology esikhungweni. Isiguli saveza umlomo ogcwele amathe, okungukuthi, ongenawo amazinyo, okwenza kwaba yinselele kakhulu ekuhlinzeni kwerobhothi okugcwele i-arch.
Kulesi simo, ithimba likwazile ukubeka izifakelo zamazinyo eziyisithupha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlela ukuvuselelwa okuphelele ngaphandle kokuthembela ezinkombeni zamazinyo zendabuko. Inyuvesi igcizelela ukuthi yiyona icala lokuqala lalolu hlobo EYurophu, endaweni yaseyunivesithi, ukungabikho kwamazinyo kudinga ukuvumelanisa ubuchwepheshe nokuhlela ngendlela ecophelelayo.
Ukungenelela kuholwe yithimba lokufundisa lohlelo lwe-master, kanye nokubamba iqhaza koprofesa nabafundi abathuthukile, okuvumele abafundi ukuthi bafakaze futhi, ngokwengxenye, babambisane enkambisweni esivele ibhekwa njengengqophamlando ekufakweni kwamarobhothi eyunivesithi.
Irobhothi le-Yakabot DRS-02-RA-Pro: ukunemba okukhulu ekufakweni kwe-implantology
Kulokhu, okulandelayo kusetshenziswe: Irobhothi le-DRS-02-RA-ProLolu hlelo, olwakhiwe yinkampani yaseShayina iYakebot, lungenye yamapulatifomu athuthuke kakhulu emhlabeni okuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwamazinyo. Luyakwazi ukufeza ukunemba kokubeka kufika kumamilimitha angu-0,09 ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuzulazula olunamandla kanye nokulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela kwensimu yokuhlinzwa.
Irobhothi lihlanganisa ukuhlela amacala edijithali nedatha yezithombe ze-CBCT kanye nokulandelela okuqhubekayo kwesimo sesiguli. Ngale ndlela, lingenza uhlelo lokuhlinzwa nge izinga eliphezulu lokunemba ngisho nalapho ikhwalithi yamathambo iyinkimbinkimbi noma lapho, njengakulesi simo, kungekho amazinyo emvelo asebenza njengesithenjwa sendawo.
Ngokusho kwedatha etholakalayo, le nkundla isetshenziswa njalo eShayina, lapho isivele isetshenziswa khona ngezinhloso ezahlukene. iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-10.000 Njengoba kuneziyunithi ezingaba ngu-200 ezisebenzayo kanye nezicelo zezokwelapha eziphumelelayo ezingaphezu kuka-20.000 emhlabeni jikelele, ukufika kwesikhashana kwalolu hlelo eSpain kuye kwavumela ukuphindaphindwa kwaleli zinga lobuchwepheshe ngaphakathi kwesikhungo seyunivesithi yaseYurophu.
Ekungeneleleni kwe-UAX, ukuhlanganiswa kokunemba kwengalo yerobhothi, isofthiwe yokuhlela kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwethimba lezokwelapha kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuphinda emlonyeni wesiguli lokho okwakuhleliwe nge-inthanethi, kunciphisa umkhawulo wephutha futhi kwandise ukuphepha kwenqubo.
Irobhothi liziqondisa kanjani emlonyeni ongenamazinyo?
Esinye sezici eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuleli cala kwakuyi- ukungabikho okuphelele kwezinkomba zamazinyoEmlonyeni onama-edentic, irobhothi alikwazi ukuthembela emazinyweni emvelo ukuze lazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi likuphi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza, ngakho-ke ithimba kwadingeka liklame uhlelo lokubhekisela lokwenziwa.
Ukuze bayixazulule, ochwepheshe babeke izimpawu zesikhashana ethanjeni, okwaqoshwa kamuva kusetshenziswa i-CBCT scan entsha. Ngokuqondile, kwasetshenziswa izimpawu zokubhekisela ezintathu kanye nenye eyengeziwe yokuphatha idivayisi yokuqopha, ngaleyo ndlela kwadalwa uchungechunge “lwamazinyo angama-dummy” asebenza njengezindawo zokuqondiswa kohlelo lwerobhothi.
Amakhamera amabili e-infrared afunda ngesikhathi esisodwa indawo yamamaki axhunywe esigulini kanye nalawo asesandleni serobhothi. Ngenqubo yonxantathu, uhlelo lunquma indawo eqondile yensimu yokuhlinza ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngale ndlela, irobhothi "liyafunda." uphi umlomo wesiguli ngaphambi kokuqala ukugaya nokubeka izimila.
Uma lonke uhlelo selulungisiwe, i-CBCT yangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlela kwedijithali, kanye ne-CBCT entsha enamamaki kuyahlanganiswa. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwedatha kuvumela ukudluliselwa okunembile kakhulu kohlelo olubonakalayo endaweni yangempela, isinyathelo esibalulekile lapho usebenza nesiguli esinobunzima futhi esinomugqa ogcwele wokuvuselelwa.
Ukuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu: ukopha okuncane kanye nokululama okusheshayo
Ukusetshenziswa kwale pulatifomu yamarobhothi kuvumele i- ukuhlinzwa okuncane kakhuluLokhu kunciphisa isidingo sama-flap amakhulu futhi kunciphisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlela nokulawula uhlelo kwenza kube lula amasu angenama-flap, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kokuphakamisa i-gingival flap.
Le ndlela yokulondoloza ihumusha ibe ukopha okuncane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwaLokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kanye nokululama okusheshayo nokukhululekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunemba kokulungiswa kombhede wamathambo kukhuthaza ukuzinza okungcono kokufakelwa kokuqala, okuyisici esibalulekile sempumelelo yesikhathi eside yokuhlanganiswa kwe-osseo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo eziphawulekayo, irobhothi livumela ukuncishiswa kwe- isikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngokufakelwa ngakunyeInqubo ingathatha cishe imizuzu eyi-15-20 uma ithimba selijwayelene nale ndlela. Uhlelo luphinde lusize ekugwemeni izakhiwo ezibalulekile zomzimba, njenge-inferior alveolar nerve noma i-maxillary sinus, ngenxa yezici zalo zokuphepha kanye nokuqapha njalo indawo yezimbobo zokuzivocavoca kanye nezifakelo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvamile kwesandla, lobu buchwepheshe buletha ukuvumelana okukhulu enkambisweni, kunciphisa okunye kokuguquguquka okuhlobene nokukhathala, ulwazi, noma ngisho nesimo somzimba sochwepheshe osebenzayo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ekungeneleleni okude noma okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Izinzuzo ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa okuvamile okuqondiswayo kanye nokuzulazula
Labo abaphethe icala bagcizelela ukuthi izinhlelo zokusiza ngamarobhothi Zimelela isinyathelo esingaphezu kokuhlinzwa okuqondiswayo kwendabuko noma ukuzulazula okunamandla ngaphandle kwengalo yerobhothi. Ngokungafani nezinsimbi zokuhlinzwa ezivamile, lapho uhlelo luqiniswa khona kusukela ekuqaleni, irobhothi livumela ukulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela ngesikhathi senqubo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithimba lezokwelapha lingakwazi shintsha ukulandelana kokugayaUhlelo lukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe uhlobo lwe-bur, ulungise ukuphakama kokungena, noma ushintshe i-engeli yokufinyelela ngokusekelwe kulokho okubonayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Luyaqhubeka nokulawula indawo kanye nomzila ngaphakathi kwemingcele ephephile, kodwa lunikeza umkhawulo wokuzivumelanisa nezimo ongatholakali ekuhlinzeni okuqondiswayo okungaguquki.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhombikubona serobhothi sinikeza umbono wesikhathi sangempela, ofana ne-X-ray wendawo yokuhlinzwa, okubonisa ubudlelwano bezinto zokubhoboza kanye nezinto ezifakiwe ezakhiweni zangaphakathi zomzimba. Udokotela ohlinzayo uyakwazi nokufinyelela kuma-waveform noma amasignali avela ku- ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo okuvumela ukuhlola izinga lokunemba ngaso sonke isikhathi, okuvame ukugcinwa ngaphansi kwamamilimitha angu-0,3 ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha.
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokulawula okuqinile lapho kudingeka khona kanye nokuguquguquka lapho kudingeka ukulungiswa kohlelo kwenza ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi kube ithuluzi elinamandla amakhulu ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ekuvuseleleni okuphelele nasezimweni lapho amathambo ephukile.
Iphrojekthi enomlando omude: kusukela ekuhlinzeni okuqondiswayo kuya kwezamarobhothi
Intuthuko yalesi sinyathelo esibalulekile e-UAX ayizange ivele ngeze, kodwa iyingxenye ye ijika lokufunda elide yithimba eliphethe. UProfesa Pablo Xing, omunye wabantu ababalulekile kulo msebenzi, waba nesithakazelo ekuhlinzeni ngamarobhothi eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngemuva kokuzwa ngamacala okuqala enziwa eShayina.
Kusukela lapho, ulandele indlela eqhubekayo yomsebenzi ehlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa ku- ukuhlinzwa okuqondiswayo kanye nokuhlinzwa okuqondiswayo eSpain, futhi kamuva, ukuhlala okuqondile eShayina ukuze kugxilwe kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwerobhothi i-DRS-02-RA-Pro. Njengamanje, uprofesa uhamba njalo ezweni lase-Asia ukuze aqhubeke nokuthuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe futhi alondoloze ukuxhumana okuqondile namaqembu aqoqe ulwazi oluningi ngalobu buchwepheshe nokufunda ngezinye izigaba ezibalulekile ku ukuhlinzwa kwe-scoliosis okusarobhothi.
Le ndlela yokuqeqesha iphinda ibumbe indlela ukufundisa okuqondwa ngayo: ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi akucatshangwa njengendawo yokuqala ehlukanisiwe, kodwa njengesigaba esithuthukile esidinga ubuhlakani bokuqala bokuhlinzwa okuvamile, okuqondiswayo, nokuqondiswayo. Noma kunjalo, kumaqembu ajwayele ukusebenza ngala mathuluzi edijithali, gxuma ungene kumarobhothi Kuzwakala kungokwemvelo futhi kwamukeleka.
Esimweni esithile sokuhlinzwa okuyisithupha okufakelwa izitho zomzimba ezigulini ezinesifo sokuzwa ubuhlungu, i-UAX ithuthuke kusukela ezimweni zokufakelwa zodwa nezesigaba kuya ekuvuselelweni okuphelele ngaphandle kwamazinyo, ithembele ezimpawini zamathambo, i-CBCT ephindwe kabili futhi ikakhulukazi ukuhlela okunzima ngaphambi kokungena egumbini lokuhlinza.
Indawo yokufundisa exhunywe ekusebenzeni kwangempela kwezokwelapha
Ukungenelela kwenzeke ngesikhathi indawo yangempela yeyunivesithi yezokwelaphalapho abafundi bethole ithuba lokubuka inqubo eduze futhi baze bahlanganyele ezigabeni ezithile ngaphansi kokuqondisa. Le ndlela ihambisana nemodeli yemfundo ye-UAX, esekelwe ekufundeni okuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokuxhumana ngqo nomkhuba wezokwelapha kusukela ezigabeni zokuqala zokuqeqeshwa.
Kubafundi bohlelo lweMasters ekuhlinzeni ngomlomo, i-periodontics kanye nokufakelwa, ukuze bakwazi ukulungiselela nokusebenzisana uma kwenzeka ukuhlinzwa okugcwele kwerobhothi Kumuntu ogulayo wangempela, lokhu kumelela inani elibalulekile elengeziwe. Abagcini nje ngokujwayelana nobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi bayaqaphela isidingo sokuhlala benolwazi lwakamuva ngokuvela kwamadivayisi namasu amasha njalo eminyakeni embalwa.
Lesi sikhungo sigcizelela ukuthi ukwethulwa kwaleli robhothi eyunivesithi, noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana, kuyingxenye yokuzibophezela okubanzi ku- hlanganisa amarobhothi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokwenza kube yidijithali ezinhlelweni zokuqeqesha. Umgomo uwukuba odokotela bamazinyo nabahlinzayo besikhathi esizayo bafunde hhayi ngamathuluzi aphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa ngezinhlelo ezibonisa izitayela zangempela emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Ngaphezu komthelela wezemfundo, inyuvesi igcizelela ukuthi imitholampilo yayo inomthamo omkhulu wokunakekelwa, inakekela iziguli ezingaba ngu-1.500 nsuku zonke futhi yenza amakhulu emithi yokufakelwa kanye nokwelashwa kwamazinyo ngenyanga, okuvumela ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi wokufundisa nocwaningo kanye nomkhuba wokwelapha ojulile.
Imitholampilo yaseyunivesithi edijithali kanye nokulinganisa eYurophu
Icala lokuhlinzwa kwerobhothi ngokufakelwa okuyisithupha esigulini esinokukhubazeka kwengqondo liqinisa isikhundla salo Imitholampilo Yamazinyo ye-UAX njengesikhungo esihamba phambili eYurophu sokuqeqeshwa kwezempilo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nodokotela bamazinyo bedijithali. Lezi zikhungo zihlanganiswe ngaphakathi kweHealthcare City yaseyunivesithi, etholakala ekhempasini yaseVillanueva de la Cañada.
Le nkampani yezempilo ihlanganisa Isibhedlela Sokufundisa NgezilwaneInyuvesi futhi inesikhungo sokulingisa izilwane, isibhedlela sokulingisa esibonakalayo, kanye nekilasi lokulingisa amakhemisi, ngaphezu kwemitholampilo yamazinyo. Ngenxa yalezi zinsiza, i-UAX ingaphinda izindawo zokusebenza zangempela futhi inikeze abafundi ukuqeqeshwa okubonisa eduze lokho abazohlangana nakho emakethe yemisebenzi kamuva.
Isu leyunivesithi lihilela ukuvumelanisa ngokushesha izinhlelo zayo zokuqeqesha ne- izitayela ezintsha kulo mkhakhaNgokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva kokubili engqalasizinda yezokwelapha kanye nokuqukethwe kwezemfundo, imali mboleko yesikhashana yerobhothi i-DRS-02-RA-Pro ye-Expodental ihambisana nalokhu kubambisana phakathi kwemboni kanye nezemfundo.
Ngale ndlela yokungenelela, i-UAX iqinisa indima yayo njengenye yezikhungo zaseYurophu ezizinikele kakhulu ekwenzeni amazinyo abe yidijithali, ihlanganisa ukunakekelwa okukhulu kweziguli, umsebenzi wokufundisa ojulile kanye nokwamukelwa kusenesikhathi kwezixazululo ezisekelwe kumarobhothi kanye nokuhlela kwedijithali okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi okubandakanya ukufakelwa okuyisithupha esigulini esikhathele ngokuphelele, okwenziwe e-UAX, kubonisa indlela ubuchwepheshe obunembile kakhuluUkuhlela okuningiliziwe kwedijithali kanye nemodeli yemfundo exhunywe ekusebenzeni kwangempela kungahlangana esimweni esisodwa somtholampilo. Umphumela uba inqubo engangenisi kakhulu, enokulawula okukhulu kanye nokuguquguquka okuncane, okuye kwaba yisilinganiso kokubili ngokwezokwelapha nangokwezemfundo emkhakheni waseYurophu we-implantology.
