Ukuphathwa kokushisa ezindaweni zedatha akusekho ukuba imininingwane elula yobuchwepheshe futhi sekuyinto i-axis ephakathi echaza ukusebenza kahle koBuhlakaniphi Bokwenziwa. Ngokuqhuma kwe-AI ekhiqizayo, sibona ama-rack anamandla angaphezu kuka-50 kW, okwenza umoya opholile wendabuko unganele futhi ungenzeki nhlobo. Lokhu akulona ushintsho oluhamba kancane, kodwa ukushintshela ngokuzumayo ekupholiseni koketshezi ngqo ku-processor, okungeyona isilingo selabhorethri, kodwa isisekelo sanoma yikuphi ukufakwa okufisa ukuhlala kuncintisana.
Kulesi simo esisha, umqondo we ukupholisa amanzi ashisayoUkusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokupholisa lapho i-coolant ingena khona emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-40 noma ngisho no-45°C kuguqula ukwakheka kwesikhungo sedatha kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona nje indaba yokushintsha i-coolant; kuyishintsho eliyisisekelo. ukucabanga kabusha ngezakhiwo zikagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa. Namuhla, impumelelo ayilinganiswa yi-PUE kuphela, kodwa ngokuhlola ukuthi angakanani amandla ekhompyutha angempela angacindezelwa kusuka ku-kilowatt ngayinye exhunywe kugridi kagesi, okwenza ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kube yindaba Inzuzo emsulwa nelula yebhizinisi.
Iphuzu lobuchwepheshe: Kungani usebenzisa amanzi ashisayo?
Uma uqala ukubona, ama-chips okupholisa anamanzi angu-45°C azwakala exakile, cishe njengokusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo, kodwa yilapho kanye umlingo wokusebenza kahle ukhona khona. Ingqondo ilula: lapho izinga lokushisa loketshezi olujikelezayo liphakama, Kulula ukukhipha ukushisa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-compressor noma ama-chiller asebenzisa amandla amaningi. Lokhu kuvumela izikhungo zedatha ukuthi zisebenzise ama-closed-loop dry chillers, okuqeda ngokuphelele ukuncika ekupholiseni okubangelwa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuze kube cishe yi-zero ezimweni zezulu ezinhle.
Ukuze lokhu kusebenze, okulandelayo kubalulekile: amapuleti abandayo athuthukile anezakhiwo ezincane zangaphakathiLezi zingxenye ezinembe kakhulu zivumela ukuthi u-80% kuya ku-90% wokushisa ubanjwe ngqo ku-GPU noma ku-CPU. Uma i-motherboard iphakathi nendawo, uhlelo luyahluleka; uma lusezingeni eliphezulu, ukushisa kungaphathwa ezingeni le-chip ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu kangangokuthi isabelomali samandla esisetshenziswe ngaphambilini ekupholiseni umoya manje singaqondiswa kabusha. ukuqondisa kabusha ukuze unike amandla ama-GPU amaningiLokhu kuhumusha ukwanda kwamandla ekhompyutha futhi kuhambisana ukuguqulwa kwehadiwe yokushisa okwamanje
Izingxenye ezibalulekile: i-CDU kanye nokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi
Inhliziyo yalolu hlelo yi-Refrigerant Distribution Units noma Ama-CDU ahlakaniphileLawa mayunithi awagcini nje ngokuhambisa uketshezi, kodwa futhi asebenza njengobuchopho obuxhumanisa ukupholisa nokwakheka kukagesi. Lapho zombili izinhlelo zakhiwe ndawonye, Ukuthembeka okukhulu kakhulu kusukela ku-chip kuya kunethiwekhiukuvimbela i-CDU ekubeni yisithiyo sokusebenza.
- Amapuleti Abandayo: Yakhelwe ukuphatha imiphumela yokushisa efinyelela ku-1.500 W, iyahambisana ne-NVIDIA, AMD noma i-Intel silicon.
- Ama-CDU ahlakaniphile: Baphatha amazinga okugeleza kanye namandla asukela ku-105 kW kuya ku-2,3 MW.
- Ama-rack manifold: Abaqoqi bensimbi engagqwali abaqinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza phakathi kwamapuleti ne-CDU kubushelelezi futhi akuvuzi.
- Izishintshi Zokushisa Zeminyango Yangemuva (RDHx): Izixazululo ezisusa ukushisa zisebenzisa umoya opholile ngoketshezi onamandla afinyelela ku-75 kW.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zobuchwepheshe kuvumela ukupholisa uketshezi ukuthi kusebenza kahle izikhathi ezingu-3.000 kunomoya ukuze kubanjwe amandla okushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokunciphisa umsindo kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, kwakhiwa izindawo zokusebenza ezizinzile neziphephile kakhulu, okunciphisa ukuncika engqalasizindani esindayo njenge-CRAH noma ama-condenser avamile.
Umthelela wezomnotho kanye nombono we-"AI Factories"
Sisuka ekuboneni isikhungo sedatha njengegumbi elibandayo eligcwele amaseva siye ekuqondeni njenge- isitshalo sezimboni esilungiselelwe kahleLo mqondo "wefektri ye-AI" uhlose ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathokheni kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamamodeli amakhulu. Ngokusho kwedatha yemboni, ukuhlanganiswa kokupholisa uketshezi okuthuthukisiwe kungamelela ukonga amandla okuphakathi kuka-20% no-40%, okuthinta ngqo isitatimende senzuzo nokulahlekelwa.
Isu lama-giants afana ne-NVIDIA, ngamapulatifomu awo okubhekisela kuwo njenge-DSX kanye nesizukulwane se-Rubin, likhomba ku- Ingqalasizinda epholiswe uketshezi engu-100%Lokhu kuhilela ukususa abalandeli bangaphakathi ngokuphelele, ukuhlanganisa ukuxhumana, ukubala, kanye namandla endaweni eyodwa. Ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kokushisa, kungenzeka ukufinyelela ku-[iphesenti elingekho]. Umphumela wekhompyutha owengeziwe ongu-33% ngokuxhumeka kukagesi ngakunye, okuvumela ukuthi kupakishwe amandla engeziwe kumamitha-skwele ambalwa.
Nakuba lokhu kubonakala sengathi kuyindlela yokwelapha, ukushintsha kusuka ohlelweni lokupholisa umoya oluhlelwe kahle kuya ohlelweni lokupholisa oluwuketshezi kuhilela izingozi zokusebenza kanye nobunzima obukhulu bokuhlanganisa. Kodwa-ke, uma ama-rack edlula ama-kW angu-50, Ukupholisa uketshezi akusadingekiAkuseyona into yokunethezeka ye-HPC noma ikhompyutha yesayensi, kodwa kuyimfuneko ebalulekile yokusekela umthwalo womsebenzi wamaModeli Olimi Olukhulu (i-LLM) ngaphandle kokuthi imishini ihluleke ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile noma ukunciphisa isikhathi sayo sokusebenza.