Imboni yezimoto zikagesi ithuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi ingxenye enkulu yaleyo ntuthuko incike kumabhethri. Emasontweni amuva nje, intuthuko ezintathu ezibalulekile zigqamise ukuthuthuka okubonakalayo: uhlelo lokupholisa olwenziwe eSpain, izinto ezintsha ze-polymer ezandisa impilo yamaseli, kanye nelungelo lobunikazi laseShayina elisondeza ubuchwepheshe be-solid-state ngokoqobo. Lezi zinto ezintsha zixazulula izinkinga ezahlukene kodwa ezihambisanayokusukela ekuphathweni kokushisa kuya ekuqineni nasekuxinekeni kwamandla.
Nakuba isitshalo sikaMahle eTarragona sesivele sikhiqiza amapuleti amaningi agcina izinga lokushisa lilawulwa, amalabhorethri eNingizimu Korea naseShayina aletha izixazululo zamakhemikhali nezakhiwo ezithembisa amabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu. Isici esivamile ukufuna ukuzimela okukhulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi esideLezi zici ezimbili zisalokhu ziyizithiyo eziyinhloko ekwamukelweni kwezimoto zikagesi ngobuningi.
UMahle uqala ukukhiqizwa kwamapuleti okupholisa eMontblanc
Isitshalo sikaMahle eMontblanc (eTarragona) sesiqalile ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwengxenye ebalulekile: ipuleti lokupholisa lamabhethri ezimoto zikagesi. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamashumi ezigidi zama-euro Lokhu kuvumele ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo kanye nokufinyelela umthamo wamayunithi angu-15.000 ngesonto. Abasebenzi, abakhiwa abasebenzi abangu-750, babone ukwanda kwemisebenzi enamakhono endaweni.
Lawa ma-plate agcina izinga lokushisa lebhethri lingaphansi kuka-40°C futhi aqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okufanayo phakathi kwamaseli. Ukulawula ukushisa okunembile kubalulekile ekushajeni okusheshayo nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kwamabhethri e-lithium-ionnjengoba ukushisa ngokweqile kusheshisa ukuwohloka. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izenzakalelayo kakhulu, ngokungenelela okuncane ngesandla, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezidingekayo zokumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuhlanzeka kwendawo. URoger Gombau, umphathi wesitshalo, ugcizelele ukuthi le phrojekthi ikhombisa amakhono kaMahle ezimbonini emkhakheni we-electromobility.
I-polymer ehlanganisiwe iphinda kabili isikhathi sokuphila samabhethri.
Ithimba elivela eSungkyunkwan University kanye naseSeoul National University lisungule i-polymer binder entsha evumela ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode amakhulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza. Le nto, ebizwa ngokuthi i-DHP, ihlanganisa i-elastane ne-polyacrylic acid, ama-polymer amabili anezakhiwo ezihambisanayo: elokuqala linikeza ukunwebeka kanti elesibili linikeza ukusebenzisana okuqinile nezingxenye ze-electrode.
Kumabhethri avamile, i-polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder ivame ukuthuthela phezulu ngesikhathi sokomisa lapho i-electrode ijiyile, okubangela imifantu nokuqhekeka. I-polymer entsha igwema le nkinga futhi iphinda kabili amandla okunamathelaEgcina ubuqotho besakhiwo ngisho nasema-electrode aminyene, amaseli e-DHP agcine u-86,8% womthamo wawo wokuqala ngemva kwemijikelezo yokushaja nokukhipha engu-200 ezivivinyweni, kuyilapho amaseli avamile ayeka ukusebenza ngemva kwemijikelezo engaba ngu-95. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bungahlanganiswa emigqeni yokukhiqiza ekhona ngaphandle kwesidingo semishini emisha, okwenza kube lula ukwamukelwa kwayo ezimbonini. Abacwaningi, abaholwa nguKi-Jae Kim noJang Wook Choi, bakholelwa ukuthi le ntuthuko ingakhulisa kakhulu ububanzi bezimoto zikagesi.
I-BYD inelungelo lobunikazi le-cathode ehlanganisiwe yamabhethri aqinile
Umkhiqizi waseShayina i-BYD ubhalise ilungelo lobunikazi (CN122474592A) elibhekana nenye yezinselele ezinkulu zamabhethri aqinile: ukugcina ukuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kwezingxenye eziqinile njengoba iseli likhula futhi lincipha. Isixazululo siqukethe i-cathode ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-electrolyte aqinile.Izinhlayiya ezincane ze-halide kanye nezinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-sulfide. Uma zihlanganiswa, izinhlayiya ezincane zigcwalisa izikhala ezincane kakhulu, zithuthukise ukudluliselwa kwama-ion futhi zinciphise ukucindezeleka komshini.
Usosayensi oyinhloko we-BYD, uLian Yubo, ukhombe ukuthi ukuzinza kwe-solid-solid interface kuyisithiyo esikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwalolu buchwepheshe. Le nkampani ilindele ukuba nebhethi yayo yokuqala yamabhethri aqinile ngonyaka ozayo.Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa ngobuningi akulindelekile kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi ezayo. Elabhorethri, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlayiya ezincane ze-sulfide kuthuthukise ukugcinwa kwamandla cishe ngo-18%. I-BYD inama-patents amaningana kulo mkhakha, okuhlanganisa i-membrane eqinile ye-electrolyte enezintambo ze-polymer kanye ne-cathode coating enezingqimba ezimbili. Naphezu kwale ntuthuko, imboni iyavuma ukuthi izinselele zokukhiqiza zisekhona ngaphambi kokuba la mabhethri asetshenziswe ezimotweni zokukhiqiza.
Lezi zinguquko ezintathu zibonisa umkhuba ocacile: ucwaningo ngamabhethri ezimoto zikagesi luqhubekela phambili ngezindlela eziningi, kusukela ekupholiseni kuya kumakhemikhali wezinto. Ngenkathi uMahle eqinisa ukuzibophezela kwakhe kwezimboni eSpain ngesitshalo esisezingeni eliphezuluAmalabhorethri eKorea naseShayina aphakamisa izixazululo ezingaphinda kabili isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri futhi zivule indlela yobuchwepheshe be-solid-state. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinto ezintsha, yize kusesezigabeni ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa, kukhomba ikusasa lapho izimoto zikagesi zizimele kakhudlwana, zihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ziphephile.
