Uma usebenza ekuthuthukisweni, uyazi ukuthi ukusetha indawo ye-Linux ku-Windows bekulokhu kunzima noma kuncike kumathuluzi angaphandle angase abe makhulu kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi. Nokho, i-Microsoft yenze ushintsho olukhulu nge- WSL Containers , isici esisivumela ukuthi siphathe izithombe neziqukathi ze-Linux ngendlela yemvelo, ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinselelo ze-Docker Desktop noma amalayisense ayo ebhizinisi ayinkimbinkimbi.
Leli thuluzi aliyona isibuyekezo esilula, kodwa liwushintsho olujwayelekile endleleni iWindows ephatha ngayo i-virtualization. Ngokuhlanganisa ikhono lokusebenzisa iziqukathi ngqo ku- Windows Subsystem ye-Linux , umgomo ukudala ukuhamba komsebenzi okubushelelezi kakhulu, ukususa izendlalelo ezingadingekile nokuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bagxile ekubhaleni ikhodi ngaphandle kokulwa nokucushwa kwesistimu yokusebenza.
Ayini ngempela ama-WSL Containers?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyikhono elisha le-WSL elikuvumela ukuthi udale futhi uqalise izitsha ze-Linux ngaphandle kokudinga i-daemon yangaphandle. Enhliziyweni yayo yi -wslc.exe , isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa womyalo esenzelwe ukuba sibe nobuchule, ikakhulukazi uma usuvele ujwayelene ne-Docker, njengoba imiyalo ifana kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukuze kugwenywe noma yikuphi ukudideka, i-Microsoft ifake igama elingaziwa elibizwa ngokuthi i-container.exe.
Kodwa akukhona konke okuphathelene nekhonsoli. Bakhiphe ne- WSL container API etholakala ngephakheji ye-NuGet. Lokhu kuyigolide elimsulwa kulabo abathuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Windows zomdabu (besebenzisa i-C#, i-C++, noma i-C) futhi bafuna uhlelo lwabo luphathe izitsha ze-Linux ngaphakathi, luphathe okokufaka/okukhiphayo (stdin/stdout), ama-network mounts, noma ngisho nokufinyelela ngqo kwe-GPU kwemisebenzi ye-AI nge-PyTorch.
Umehluko obalulekile nge-Docker Desktop
Abaningi bazozibuza ukuthi lokhu kuzothatha indawo ye-Docker Desktop. Impendulo emfushane iwukuthi, ezimweni eziningi, yebo. Ngenkathi i-Docker ivame ukusebenzisa umshini owodwa we-Linux virtual owabiwe kukho konke, i-WSL Containers iqalisa ama-micro-VM azimele e-Hyper-V esitsheni ngasinye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo ngayinye inesabelomali sayo sememori kanye nesitoreji, ivimbela isitsha esisodwa ukuthi "sihlole" esinye futhi sithuthukise ukuphepha.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile izindleko. I-Docker Desktop idinga inkokhelo yezinkampani ezinkulu, kuyilapho izitsha ze-WSL zifakiwe ne-Windows 11 ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, kunemininingwane ebalulekile: udinga i-Windows 11 Pro, i-Enterprise, noma i-Education , njengoba inguqulo ye-Home ingasekeli ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Hyper-V okudingekayo ukuze konke lokhu kusebenze.
Indlela yokuyivuselela futhi isebenze isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Uma ufuna ukuqala ukuzama, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unenguqulo ye-WSL 2.9.3 noma kamuva. Njengoba isasekubukeni kuqala, kuzodingeka uvule i-terminal njengomlawuli bese usebenzisa umyalo othi `wsl --update --pre-release` . Uma usubuyekeziwe, ungavumela lesi sici ngokusebenzisa izitsha ze-`wsl --install-feature`.
Ukuhlola ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, mane uthayiphe wslc versionUma ufuna ukuqalisa isitsha sakho sokuqala ngaphandle kwezinkinga, zama wslc run --rm hello-worldUzobona isithombe silandwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ubonise ukubingelela, okuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo luyasebenza. Ukusuka lapha, ungasebenzisa imiyalo efana isitsha se-wslc ps ukubona ukuthi yini ephilayo noma isithombe se-wslc ls ukuze ubukeze izithombe zakho zasendaweni.
Ukudala izithombe zakho nokwenza ngcono ukuhamba komsebenzi
Uma ufuna ukukuyisa ezingeni elilandelayo, ikhambi elifanele ukusebenzisa i-Visual Studio Code enesandiso se-WSL. Ukuze udale isithombe sakho, udinga ifayela elibizwa ngokuthi i-Containerfile (elifana kakhulu ne-Dockerfile) futhi ubheke izincwadi ezinhle zokuhlela ukuhlela uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Isibonelo, uma wakha uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Django, ungachaza isithombe se-Python, ukopishe izidingo, bese uveza i-port 8000.
Inqubo yokuhlanganisa ilula: usebenzisa wslc build -t your-app-name . bese uyiqalisa nge wslc run -d -p 8000:8000 --name mi-app nombre-de-tu-appInto enamandla kakhulu ukuthi ungakuhlanganisa lokhu ku- I-MSBuild noma i-CMake, okwenza ukudalwa kweziqukathi kube yingxenye yenqubo yokwakha iphrojekthi yakho.
Ukusebenza, Ukuxhumana, kanye Nokugcina Isitoreji
I-Microsoft ayigcinanga nje ngokuklwebha indawo. Basebenzise ama-virtiofs njengohlelo lwamafayela oluzenzakalelayo, olusheshisa kakhulu ukudluliselwa kwedatha phakathi kwe-Windows ne-Linux, lususe leyo nkinga ecasulayo yokufakwa kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemodi yenethiwekhi yokuhlola ebizwa ngokuthi i-consomme , eyinzuzo kulabo abasebenza ezindaweni zezinkampani, njengoba ixazulula izingxabano ezivamile nama -VPN ebhizinisi ngokuqondisa ithrafikhi ngokuhlakanipha kakhudlwana.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphathwa kwezinsiza, uhlelo lunamandla kakhulu ekukhipheni inkumbulo kumphathi. Njengoba ziyimishini ebonakalayo elula, uma umisa isitsha, inkumbulo ibuyiselwa ngokushesha kunasemodelini ye-monolithic. Ukuze ugcine idiski ihlanzekile, ungakhohlwa ukuyisebenzisa wslc container prune y wslc image prune ukususa lokho ongasakusebenzisi.
Lobu buchwepheshe bumele intuthuko ebalulekile ngokuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwe-container ngqo ku-Windows 11 core, okuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basuse isofthiwe yomuntu wesithathu futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-Hyper-V isolation kanye nohlelo lwe-virtiofs. Ngokufika kokuhambisana kwe-wslc.exe CLI kanye ne-VS Code, kusungulwe indawo eqinile, yamahhala, nephumelelayo eyenza kube lula ukusebenzisa imithwalo yemisebenzi ye-Linux, yize uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lwe-Windows ludingeka ukuze lusebenzise ngokugcwele amakhono alo.