Isistimu ye-hexadecimal ingenye yezimpawu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kukhompyutha ukumela izinombolo, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza namakheli enkumbulo nezinye izindawo lapho ukumelwa okuhlangene kwezinombolo ezinde kuyadingeka. Uma uthi nhlá, kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi uma ungakaze uyisebenzise, ​​kodwa uma usuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo, ukuguqula idesimali ibe i-hexadecimal kuzoba lula kakhulu.
Ukuze uqonde lokhu kuguqulwa, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zombili isistimu yedesimali isebenza kanjani, okuyilona esilusebenzisa kakhulu nsuku zonke, kanye nesistimu ye-hexadecimal, enesethi yezimpawu ezengeziwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizokunikeza ngezinyathelo nemininingwane edingekayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuthembela ngokukhethekile kumathuluzi azenzakalelayo.
Iyini isistimu yedesimali?
Uhlelo lwedesimali, noma isisekelo se-10, yisona esisetshenziswa kakhulu abantu ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke ngoba sinezinombolo eziyishumi: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 kanye no-9. Indawo ngayinye kuyidesimali. inombolo imelela amandla ka-10 kuye ngendawo yayo, okungukuthi, inombolo engu-235 ifundwa njengamakhulu amabili namashumi amathathu nanhlanu ngoba iyisamba sika-2*10^2 + 3*10^1 + 5*10^0 . Lesi simiso sinembile futhi kulula ngabantu ukusisebenzisa.
Iyini isistimu ye-hexadecimal?
I-hexadecimal, noma i-base 16, uhlelo luwumbhalo ohlangene osebenzisa kokubili amadijithi nezinhlamvu ukumela izinombolo. Amanani okuqala ayishumi (kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-9) alingana nesistimu yedesimali, kodwa bese kuvela izinhlamvu: A, B, C, D, E kanye no-F, ezilingana namanani 10, 11, 12 , 13, 14 kanye ne-15 ngokulandelana. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu kuvumela izinombolo ezinkulu ukuthi zimelelwe ngamadijithi ambalwa kunesistimu yedesimali.
Isibonelo, ukumela inombolo engu-255 ohlelweni lwedesimali sidinga kuphela amadijithi amabili ku-hexadecimal: FF. Eqinisweni, ngenxa yalokhu kubumbana, isistimu ye-hexadecimal isetshenziswa kakhulu kuzimo zekhompuyutha lapho izinombolo ezinambambili ziphathwa khona, njengoba kulula kubantu ukutolika kunokufunda iyunithi yezinhlamvu ezinde zika-1 no-0.
Izinyathelo zokuguqula idesimali iye ku-hexadecimal
Manje njengoba sesiqonda lezi zinhlelo ezimbili, singafunda ukuguqula inombolo phakathi kwazo. Inqubo yokusuka kudesimali iye ku-hexadecimal ihlanganisa uchungechunge lokuhlukaniswa okulandelanayo phakathi kwenombolo yedesimali esifuna ukuyiguqula no-16, kuze kube i-quotient inguziro. Ingxenye ngayinye esele yesigaba iguqulelwa kokulingana kwe-hexadecimal.
Isibonelo sokuguqulwa: Cabanga ukuthi sifuna ukuguqula inombolo engu-196 ngedesimali ibe i-hexadecimal. Okokuqala, sihlukanisa i-196 ngo-16:
196÷16 = 12 nensalela 4. 12 imelwe incwadi C ku-hexadecimal, futhi u-4 uhlala enjengoba enjalo, ngakho umphumela uba C4.
Le nqubo efanayo ingaphinda kunoma iyiphi inombolo enkulu, futhi into ebalulekile ukukhumbula ukufaka izinhlamvu ezihambisanayo esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezihambisanayo uma zeqa u-9.
I-algorithm eqondile yokuguqulwa
Enye indlela yokuguqula idesimali uye ku-hexadecimal ukusebenzisa inqubo eqondile, leyo kukhompyutha eyaziwa ngokuthi i-algorithm. Le nqubo yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo umqondo wokuhlukana okulandelanayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlola ukuthi yimaphi amandla angu-16 alingana kangcono nenombolo yedesimali.
Isibonelo, uma sifuna ukuguqula inombolo engu-213 ibe idesimali, sibala: 213÷16 = 13, nensalela engu-5. 13 ku-hexadecimal imelelwa uhlamvu DNgakho-ke, inombolo 213 ngedesimali ihumushela ku D5 ku-hexadecimal. Njengoba ubona, le ndlela isivumela ukuthi senze ukuguqulwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
Ithebula lokuguqulwa kwedesimali ukuya ku-Hexadecimal
Ngezansi, sikushiyela ithebula elisebenza njengereferensi esheshayo yokuguqula izinombolo ezincane zisuke kwidesimali ziye ku-hexadecimal:
| Idesimali (Base 10) | I-Hexadecimal (Base 16) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 5 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 7 | 7 |
| 8 | 8 |
| 9 | 9 |
| 10 | A |
| 11 | B |
| 12 | C |
| 13 | D |
| 14 | E |
| 15 | F |
Ukukhumbula leli thebula kuzokusiza ukuthi wenze ukuguqulwa okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi izinombolo ezincane. Ukwengeza, uma ubheka amaphethini okukhula phakathi kwezisekelo, uzoqaphela ukuthi njalo uma uphakamisa isikhundla nge-hexadecimal, kufana nokwengeza amandla engeziwe ka-16, okwenza inombolo ikhule ngokushesha uma iqhathaniswa nedesimali.
Umthombo: LasMatesFaciles.com
Amathuluzi azenzakalelayo okuguqula idesimali iye ku-hexadecimal
Okokugcina, ngenkathi ukwenza ukuguqulwa ngesandla kuwumsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ekuqondeni zombili lezi zisekelo, kukhona futhi amathuluzi aku-inthanethi angakwenzela umsebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi ufake inombolo yedesimali futhi uthole okulingana ne-hexadecimal ngokuchofoza okukodwa.
Amapulatifomu afana nezibali zokuguqulwa noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zingaba usizo olukhulu uma udinga ukusheshisa inqubo. Kodwa-ke, ukwazi inqubo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uqonde ukuthi la mathuluzi asebenza kanjani ngaphakathi.
Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi nakuba ungasebenzisa lezi zibali, kuyazuzisa ukwazi izinyathelo esizichazile ngoba zizokuvumela ukuthi uqonde kangcono ukuthi uhlelo lokubala lwe-hexadecimal lusebenza kanjani.