Esihlokweni esandulele ngichaze konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-welder noma i-welder. Kulesi esinye isihloko sizokukhombisa imishini yokushisela engcono kakhulu ongathenga ukuze uqale kule nyunyana yensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzothola zonke izesekeli ezidingekayo ukuze ube nekhithi yakho yokushisela ephelele...
Futhi, khumbula ukuthi ungaphelelisa lesi sihloko ngezihloko ezimbili ezandulele ezikhuluma ngale ndaba, njengalesi esithi on khetha i-welder engcono kakhulu futhi i okokufundisa ukuze ufunde ukushisela.
abashiseli abangcono kakhulu
Nayi i- imishini yokushisela engcono kakhulu ongayithenga namuhla, futhi ngentengo ethengekayo:
Abashiseli be-MMA (i-Manual Metal Arc) noma i-arc (STICK) abahamba phambili
Nge Abashiseli be-MMA Ungakwazi ukushisela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zensimbi, njenge-carbon steel, insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, noma insimbi. Udinga nje ukukhetha i-electrode efanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilungele ukushisela lapho kudingeka khona ubuhlalu obubanzi noma ukugcwalisa izikhala ezinkulu:
- Okuvamile, ngemishini kanye nesibambi se-electrode. Ilungele zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi noma ochwepheshe:
- I-Compact, uhlobo lwesibhamu, umkhiqizo omuhle ongawuphatha kalula noma kuphi lapho ufuna noma owabaqalayo:
Abashiseli abangcono kakhulu be-MIG (Metal Inert Gas).
Okwamanje ubuchwepheshe buthuthuke ngokwanele ukuthi ungathola Abashiseli be-MIG ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa igesi, okuyinzuzo enkulu. Ngazo ungakwazi futhi ukushisela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinsimbi ezifana nensimbi noma insimbi, kodwa kulokhu usebenzisa ama-wire rolls, ukukhiqiza umthungo we-weld ocinene futhi onembe kakhudlwana:
Amashisela angcono kakhulu e-MAG (Metal Active Gas).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi sinefayela le- Ama-welders we-MAG, olunye uhlobo lwe-welder olufana nolwedlule, kodwa esikhundleni sokusebenzisa igesi ye-inert, igesi esebenzayo isetshenziswa kulokhu. Uma kungenjalo kuyafana:
Amashisela angcono kakhulu e-TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas).
Kulolu hlobo lwe Abashiseli be-TIG i-electrode ye-tungsten isetshenziswa engadliwe njengoba kwenzeka kuma-electrode avamile. Le electrode isebenza kuphela ukukhiqiza i-arc encibilikisa insimbi, kodwa ayinikezi impahla. Kungaba inketho enhle kwezinye izimo lapho inani elikhulu lamalungu lidinga ukuthengiswa, kodwa akuyona into enconywa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi yabaqalayo:
Ama-welders amaningi ahamba phambili (MMA, MIG, TIG)
Ngalolu hlobo lwemishini uzokwazi ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi i-solder ongayisebenzisa, njengoba zinazo zombili izibambi ze-electrode kanye nemibhobho yezintambo. Ziyimishini ephelele kokubili kwabaqalayo abafuna ukuzama izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisela kanye nezingcweti:
Ama-welders amahle kakhulu we-laser
Una laser welder Izokuvumela ukuthi wenze ukujoyina okuqinile, okunembile futhi okufakwe izintambo ukuze ujoyine cishe ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi isimo. Kodwa-ke, ayimishini ebiza kakhulu, egcinelwe izinkampani noma ochwepheshe abaludinga ngempela lolu hlobo lwamashicileli ukuze benze izicelo ezithuthukile:
Ama-welders epulasitiki amahle kakhulu
El ipulasitiki nayo ingafakwa "welded", futhi hhayi kuphela ipulasitiki ye-polymer-thermoplastic njengoba sishilo ezihlokweni ezedlule. Kodwa kulokhu "iqhinga" lisetshenziswa ngokufaka isisekelo esishisayo ngalolu hlobo lwesibhamu:
best soldering irons
Yebo nathi sinakho ama-welders amathini esetshenziselwa izinto zikagesi. Ngaphakathi kwalokhu sinezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo:
- Okujwayelekile, okunamathiphu ashintshekayo nokusebenzisa ucingo lukathayela ngesinye isandla:
- Uhlobo lwesibhamu, lapho ungalayisha khona ithini ukuze ungasebenzisi izandla zombili, okulenza libe ntofontofo:
Shisisa isibhamu namathoshi
Ekugcineni, nathi sinakho ukushisa izibhamu. Lawa akuwona ama-welders ngokwawo, kodwa angasetshenziswa ukushisela i-thermoplastics, ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi ezinendawo encibilikayo ephansi njengethayela, ukushisela amapayipi ethusi emkhakheni wamapayipi, njll.
- Ngekhebula, anamandla kakhulu futhi yilawo afinyelela amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu:
- Ngebhethri, kuyasebenza kakhulu ukukwazi ukuthatha noma yikuphi lapho udinga khona ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo, nakuba ngokuvamile enamandla amancane kunawangaphambilini:
- Futhi lapha ngethula futhi i-blowtorch noma ithoshi ngomsebenzi wamapayipi:
Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele.
- ithoshi for i-jewelry soldering (igolide, isiliva,…):
ibhethri spot welder
Okogesi, kwe amabhethri we-weld, futhi kuyasiza ukuba nenye yalezi:
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela
Kepha izinto ezisetshenziswayo welding sinakho:
Ama-Electrodes ama-MMA welders
Lapha unayo ifayela le- ama-electrode okushisela i-carbon steel, insimbi ebilisiwe, nensimbi. Yizona ezijwayelekile kakhulu, nakuba ungathola futhi ama-electrode athile wokushisela insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, njll.
electrode for insimbi engagqwali:
electrode for i-aluminium:
ama-electrodes we-tungsten
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nawe unayo ama-electrodes we-tungsten ukushisela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsimbi zabashiseli be-TIG. Lezi azinikezi izinto ezibonakalayo, futhi azigugi njengama-electrode avamile:
Izintambo zokushisela ze-MIG/MAG
Ngomshini wokushisela ucingo (i-electrode eqhubekayo) siphinde sibe nayo ama-reels noma ama-rolls njengalezi ze-carbon steel, galvanized steel, iron, njll. Ungawathola futhi ama-diameter ahlukene, ukujiya kanye nezinhlobo zama-welds athile. Okunye okunconyiwe yilokhu:
Kukhona futhi imiqulu ekhethekile insimbi engagqwali:
Futhi futhi i-aluminium:
Imigoqo yepulasitiki ukuze incibilike
Uma uzosebenzisa eyodwa isibhamu somoya oshisayo sokushisela i-thermoplastics, unezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamabha epulasitiki ongancibilika njengokulandelayo:
izinsimbi ze-aluminium zokusakaza
Uma uzosebenzisa eyodwa isibhamu somoya oshisayo noma ithoshi legesi lokushisela i-aluminium, kufanele uthenge lawa mabha:
izinto eziyisisekelo zepulasitiki
Kunalokho, uma ukhethe i- welder plastic usebenzisa okuyisisekelo, uzodinga ukuthenga lezi ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo:
ucingo lwethini
Yiqiniso, endabeni yokushisela nge-elekthronikhi noma amapayipi, unenketho yokuthenga ama-tin rolls ezinhlobo ezimbili:
- Intambo yezinto zikagesi, yokufakwa kwe-lead-free soldering kanye ne-flux-resin core:
- Intambo yokufaka amapayipi amanzi, ithini eliqinile futhi ishubile kuneyangaphambili eya kwi-solder yethusi:
Igesi yabashiseli be-MIG/MAG
ungathola futhi izitsha zegesi i-argon yama-welders kanje:
Izingxenye ezisele noma izingxenye ezisele
Kukhona nezinye izingxenye ezisele noma izingxenye ezisele kwabashiselayo. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
Isibambi se-Electrode sabashiseli be-MMA
Kungenzeka ukuthi wena umnikazi we-electrode welder yakho yonakele, esimweni esinjalo, ungasebenzisa le spare part:
Imilomo yabashiseli be-MIG/MAG
I-Las imibhobho lapho intambo idlula khona futhi igesi nayo idinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile:
i-clamp yomhlaba
Kuvamile ukuthi i umhlabathi wokugoqa nayo ilimele ngokusetshenziswa, ukuyibuyisela esikhundleni:
Amathiphu we-tin soldering iron
Amathiphu nawo agcina wonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kunjalo, ngemisebenzi ehlukene futhi uqeda ngothayela uzodinga amathiphu amaningana ahlukene, njengalezi ezikulo mdlalo:
izesekeli zokushisela
Yebo wena ikhithi ye-solder Ngeke kuphelele ngaphandle kwezinye izesekeli ezidingekayo, ikakhulukazi ukuphepha kwakho:
ama-welder masks
- Ukubanjwa ngesandla okujwayelekile, ongakwazi ukukubamba ngesandla esisodwa bese ususa ngokushesha:
- Isigqoko sokuzivikela esivamile, sishiya izandla zombili zikhululekile, kodwa ukususa isikrini esimnyama ngeke kusheshe njengakwedlule, ngoba kufanele uphakamise imaskhi:
- Kuyazenzakalela, njengohlobo lwesigqoko esivamile, kodwa ngezikrini esikhundleni sengilazi, ukwazi ukubona lapho ubeka khona i-electrode futhi kube mnyama ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ukuphalaza kuqala, ngaphezu kokuvumela ukulungiswa:
inqola yokushisela
Ngalolu hlobo izaqathi Ungathatha kokubili iqembu lomshini wokushisela kanye namabhodlela egesi noma amasilinda kulabo abawudingayo:
amabhentshi welding
Nawe unayo amatafula noma amabhentshi ukushisela ngokunethezeka, kanje:
Ukusekelwa kwe-electronic soldering
Indlela enethezekile yokushisela ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokusekela nge ama-tweezers ukuze ukhulule izandla zakho ukuze ukwazi ukushisela kangcono, futhi babe nengilazi yokukhulisa ukuze babone ukuthi wenzani ngaphansi kokukhulisa:
amagilavu for welder
para vikela izandla zakho ekushiseni okungenzeka, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwamagilavu:
Izibuthe zokubopha kanye nezinsimbi
Ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ngesikhathi sokushisela kubalulekile. Kwezinye izinsimbi ungasebenzisa izikwele kazibuthe ukuze uzibeke endaweni ngaphandle kokuthi zinyakaze, noma ungasebenzisa futhi izinsimbi:
Imaski yegesi enobuthi
Uma uzosebenzisa ama-electrode athile e-tungsten noma uma uzoshisela ama-galvanized, angaphuma. amagesi anobuthi lokho kungathinta amaphaphu akho. Ukuze ugweme, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa lezi zinhlobo zamaski:
I-Slag Hammer
Yebo for khipha amanyela okusala ku-weld bead, uzodinga eyodwa yalezi zando ukuze ushaye futhi ukhulule igobolondo:
ibhulashi le-slag
Ungasebenzisa futhi lolu hlobo lwe amabhulashi e-metal bristle Ukukhuhla izinsalela ze-slag futhi uhlanze ama-welds:
Igrinder
Kubalulekile ukuba ne umshini wokugaya zalolu hlobo, kokubili ukuthuthukisa isiphetho se-weld seam, nokuhlanza amaphrofayili azoshiselwa futhi asuse ukugqwala, izendlalelo zopende, nazo zonke izinhlobo zokungcola:
Futhi-ke, amadiski ensimbi:
Okunye (okuhlukahlukene)
I-También ikhona ezihlukahlukene izesekeli extra (uma uthanda) ezingakusiza ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokushisela, njengokuthi:
- amabhuzu okuzivikela ngozwane oluqinisiwe ukuvikela ukulimala ekushayweni nangensimbi evikelayo:
- ingubo yomlilo ukuvikela izinto ezithambile ezinhlansini:
- Futhi une imfene ukuvikela izingubo zakho ezinhlansini nasekushiseni, noma kumabala...
- ama-ovaroli okusebenza abushelelezi ilangabi Ukuze uvikele umzimba wakho wonke, njengoba imikhono emifushane noma izikhindi azinconywa:
Metal ukuzijayeza
Ekugcineni, ungase ungabi nakho impahla ekhaya ukuze uzilolonge, yingakho sikubonisa imikhiqizo ethokozisayo ongayithenga ukuze uqale ukuhlola nokufunda ukushisela:
Ama-Irons
Emakethe ungathola amapuleti noma amashidi yensimbi yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene njengalawa:
Ama-engeli namapuleti
Futhi unethuba lokusebenzisa ama-engeli noma amapuleti, ezisebenza kahle ekwakheni inqwaba yezakhiwo:
Amashubhu
Yiqiniso, uma uzokwakha izakhiwo zokukhanya, inketho enhle ukusebenzisa amashubhu, kokubili isikwele nesiyindilinga:
imishayo
Okokugcina, uma ufuna ukufeza isakhiwo esiqinile futhi esiqinile, njengophahla, ungakhetha imishayo:
