Eminyakeni embalwa nje edlule, ukubona umshini omkhulu ubeka izingqimba zekhonkrithi ukuze wakhe indlu kwabonakala sengathi kuyisithombe esivela kwifilimu yesayensi. Kodwa-ke, okwenzeka ezindaweni ezifana nedolobha laseFrance iBezannes kubonisa ukuthi ukuphrinta kwezakhiwo nge-3D akuseyona indlela yokuhlola elebhu, kodwa kuyindlela ehlukile yangempela eqala ukudala impikiswano enkulu emkhakheni wezindlu waseYurophu ngekhono layo lokufinyeza kakhulu izikhathi zokulethwa.
Lolu shintsho lwendlela yokusebenza aluhlose nje ukwakha ngokushesha ukuze kusheshiswe intuthuko, kodwa futhi lubhekana nezinkinga eziphuthumayo ezifana nokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abanamakhono kanye nezindleko eziphakeme zezinto zokwakha zendabuko. Ekugcineni, umgomo oyinhloko ukwenza ngcono igremu ngalinye lesimende ukuze ukwakha ikhaya kuphele ukuba inqubo engapheli futhi kube umzamo osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi oqhubekayo emhlabeni.
I-ViliaSprint: isiqhwaga saseFrance esihola indlela
Esinye sezenzakalo ezibalulekile zakamuva ezwenikazi lethu senzeke emaphethelweni aseReims. Lapho, iphrojekthi yeViliaSprint² ifeze into eyayibonakala ingacabangeki: ukwakha ibhulokhi lamayunithi ezindlu zomphakathi ayishumi nambili ezinsukwini ezingu-34 nje kuphela zesikhathi sokunyathelisa. Okuphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi izinsuku ezingu-50 ekuqaleni zazibekelwe isabelomali salesi sigaba, kodwa ukunemba kwemishini yaseDenmark esetshenzisiwe kwavumela ukuncipha kwesikhathi okungalindelekile, okudinga abaqhubi abathathu kuphela ukuthi baqondise yonke inqubo yobuchwepheshe endaweni.
Okwenza lesi sakhiwo saseFrance sibe esikhethekile ukuthi kokubili isakhiwo esithwala umthwalo kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi kwacindezelwa ngqo endaweni. Kusetshenziswa uhlelo lohlaka lwesango olushelelayo eceleni kwemigqa, umshini ukhipha ingxube ekhethekile eqinisa ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kumele ahlale ephansi: yize isakhiwo sakhiwe silenga ngaphezu komhlaba, ochwepheshe bendabuko basadinga ukuza ukuzofaka amafasitela, izintambo, kanye nokuqeda kokugcina—inqubo ehlala isetshenziswa ngesandla okwamanje.
Ukonga izindleko kanye nokunemba kwe-millimeter
Esinye sezimpikiswano ezinamandla kakhulu ezisekela lobu buchwepheshe ukonga izindleko. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwala maphrinta amakhulu kunganciphisa izindleko zemakethe zendlu cishe ngo-30%. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokungcola kwezinto ezibonakalayo okuncane kakhulu. Ngenkathi kuphrojekthi yokwakha evamile, imfucuza kanye nemfucuza ngokuvamile kubalelwa cishe ku-10%, ngalolu hlelo oluzenzakalelayo cishe alufiki ku-5%, njengoba umlomo ukhipha kuphela ukhonkolo olulinganiswe ngaphambili ngumklamo wedijithali.
Ngaphandle kwemali eyongiwe ezintweni zokwakha, inkululeko yokuklama iphelele. Ukudala udonga olugobile noma i-facade enezimo eziphilayo ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko ngenxa yefomu elidingekayo. Kodwa-ke, kuphrinta ye-3D, ukudala i-curve kulula njengokudala umugqa oqondile, okuvumela abaklami ukuthi bakhulule ubuhlakani babo ngaphandle kokuba isabelomali sikhuphuke kakhulu.
Indawo yokunyathelisa nge-3D eSpain
Ezweni lakithi, asisaleli emuva, futhi sesivele sibona izinyathelo zokuqala ezingathi sÃna kulo mkhakha. EMphakathini waseMadrid, ikakhulukazi eTorres de la Alameda, ihhovisi lokuqala elakhiwe kusengaphambili selivele lakhiwe, kanti eziQhingini zaseCanary, ikhaya lokuqala lomndeni owodwa eliqediwe kusetshenziswa le ndlela seliveziwe. Izinkampani zikazwelonke zisebenzisana nezinkampani ezinkulu zesimende ukuze zivumelanise lezi zingxube nesimo sezulu kanye nemithethonqubo yethu, zihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe abuyona nje into entsha kodwa buyisixazululo senkinga yezindlu ezingabizi.
Inselele enkulu njengamanje akuyona umshini ngokwawo, kodwa amaphepha. Imithetho yokwakha yaseYurophu iqinile kakhulu futhi yenzelwe izitini zendabuko kanye nokhonkolo oqinisiwe. Ukushintsha izinhlaka zesitifiketi kanye nokuphepha ukuze udonga oluphrintiwe lube semthethweni njengolwendabuko kuyisithiyo esisivimbela ukubona yonke indawo enezindonga eziphrintiwe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Noma kunjalo, intshisekelo evela kubathuthukisi baseSpain iyanda ngenxa yokushoda kwezisebenzi zokwakha ezisencane ezizimisele ukusebenza endaweni.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula, kusobala ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwalokho esikubiza ngokuthi "ukwakhiwa okunzima" - izindonga nezakhiwo eziyisisekelo - kushintshela ngokuphelele ekushintsheni okuzenzakalelayo. Amandla okuba nesakhiwo sendlu engamamitha-skwele ayi-120 silungele emahoreni angama-48 kuphela kuvula amathuba amaningi okusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo zezindlu noma ukwenza izindlu zibe zingabizi kakhulu . Nakuba kusazothatha iminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kube yinto evamile kuzo zonke izindawo, inhlanganisela yokonga amandla, ukuchithwa kwemfucuza okuncishisiwe, kanye nesivinini sokwenziwa kubonakala kuyindlela ephumelelayo ehlala ikhona emadolobheni ethu.