Ikhaya elihlakaniphile yindlu equkethe izinhlelo ezimbili: uhlelo lwangaphakathi nohlelo lwangaphandle. Lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziselwa ukukala, ukulawula, kanye nokwenza konke okwenzekayo ngaphakathi endlini kube ngokuzenzakalela . Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, amadivayisi ahlakaniphile axhunywe kulezi zinhlelo, aqoqe ulwazi oludingekayo futhi aphendule izicelo zethu.
Impumelelo yezindlu ezihlakaniphile ezinyangeni zamuva nje ibangelwa ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yalezi zixhobo kanye neqiniso lokuthi ihadiwe yomthombo ovulekile ivumela noma iyiphi idivayisi ukuthi ivumelane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwekhaya noma isimo. Singazakha ngisho nalezi zingxenye ngokwethu.
Iziphi izinto engizidingayo ukudala i-automation yami yasekhaya?
Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngamaphrojekthi amancane noma amagajethi azosisiza ukuthi sakhe i-automation yethu yasekhaya, sizokwenza uhlu lwezinto ezijwayelekile esizodinga ukuzenza zisebenzele ekhaya.
Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, udinga i-router kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okuqinile okusebenza kuyo yonke indlu ; azikho izindawo noma amakamelo afile lapho isignali ye-router ingafinyeleli khona. Ezimweni eziningi, ngeke udinge uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, kodwa usazosebenzisa i-router. Kwezinye izimo, njengokuphepha kwasekhaya, uzodinga ukufinyelela kwi-inthanethi, ngakho kokubili i-router kanye nokufinyelela kwi-inthanethi kubalulekile.
Esinye isici esivamile ibhodi le-Raspberry Pi . Ngaphandle kokuba liyadingeka kwamanye amaphrojekthi, i-Raspberry Pi ingasebenza njengeseva, iphatha zonke izicelo nemiyalo evela kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene ahlakaniphile. Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi usayizi wayo omncane, amandla, kanye nentengo ephansi.
U-Arduino Yún futhi Arduino UNO Bazophinde babe ngabangane abadingekayo ukudala i-automation yasekhaya. Kungaba ukulawula ukusebenza kwe-air conditioner noma ukulawula ukukhiya kwedijithali, la mapuleti ayadingeka, angabizi futhi athandwa kakhulu.
Ama-sensor nawo ayadingeka, kodwa kulokhu kufanele sibe nesineke kakhulu futhi sazi ukuthi singayikhetha kanjani i-sensor efanele njengoba izosebenza usuku lonke, izinsuku ezingu-365 ngonyaka, okusho ukuthi akuyona nje noma yiluphi uhlobo noma uhlobo lwe-sensor oluzosebenza.
Ikusasa lezindlu ezihlakaniphile lisemiyalweni yezwi, kodwa lokhu akunjalo kuwo wonke amadivayisi okwamanje, futhi amaningi azodinga i-smartphone enokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi . Ngokuvamile ngincoma ukusebenzisa i-smartphone ye-Android, njengoba abakhiqizi abaningi besebenza kakhulu ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza kunange-iOS ye-Apple.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukudala ukukhanya okuhle?
Ukukhanyisa ikhaya elihlakaniphile mhlawumbe yindawo lapho kwenziwe khona intuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Njengamanje, sinezinhlobo eziningana zama-smart bulbs angafakwa kunoma yisiphi isibani , futhi ngokuxhumeka okuhle, singashintsha ukukhanya futhi sakhe imimoya ehlukene kuye ngesikhathi sosuku noma lokho esikuthandayo. Lawa ma-smart bulbs okwamanje ayabiza kakhulu, okusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukuwathola.
Okunye ukusebenzisa izibani ze-RGB LED bese uzixhuma ebhodini le-Arduino Yun. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukukhanya ekamelweni lendlu yakho. Izibani ze-RGB LED zishibhile kakhulu kunebhalbhu ehlakaniphile, futhi izimo ongazenza ziyathakazelisa kakhulu kunebhalbhu yendabuko, yize kuyiqiniso ukuthi ibhalbhu ehlakaniphile ishesha futhi kulula ukuyifaka.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivikele i-automation yami yasekhaya?
Ukuphepha ekhaya kuyindaba ebucayi futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengamanje, kunezinhlelo ezahlukene zokukhiya okuhlakaniphile ezitholakalayo zokwakha ikhaya elihlakaniphile, elingavulwa ngomunwe noma nge-smartphone.
Isinyathelo sesibili kungaba ukwengeza izinzwa zokunyakaza kuwo wonke amakamelo ukudala uhlelo lwe-alamu yasekhaya , kodwa lawa maphrojekthi awakasebenzi kahle okwamanje. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuphepha kusalokhu kuyinselele emakhaya ahlakaniphile, yize ngazi abantu abaningi abanezindlu ezingezona ezihlakaniphile abanezinkinga ezifanayo.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngibeke umoya opholile endlini yami?
Ukulawula isimo sezulu endlini ehlakaniphile kunzima kakhulu, kodwa futhi kuyinselele endlini evamile. Okokuqala, kumelwe siqinisekise ukuthi indlu ivikelwe kahle. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba sizovame ukuba kude nekhaya uma sidinga ukusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu okuhlakaniphile, futhi uma indlu ingavikelwe kahle, sizochitha amandla ekufudumaleni noma ekupholiseni umoya ngaphandle kokuthola imiphumela efiselekayo.
Uma ikhaya elihlakaniphile selihlukanisiwe, sidinga ukufaka inzwa enebhodi le-Bluetooth le-Arduino ekamelweni ngalinye. Ulwazi lokushisa luzothunyelwa kwikhompyutha ephakathi noma kwi-Raspberry Pi. Ku-Raspberry Pi, sizosebenzisa ama-algorithms ukuze lapho igumbi lifinyelela izinga lokushisa elithile, umoya opholile noma ukushisa kusebenze.
Kulesi sici se-automation yasekhaya kunzima ukukufeza njengoba ama-air conditioners nezifudumeza zingahlakaniphile futhi okuwukuphela kwento yokwenza lokhu ukukhetha izixazululo zokuthengisa ezibiza kakhulu futhi ezingahambelani kakhulu nobunye ubuchwepheshe. Kunoma ikuphi, kancane kancane inqubekelaphambili iyenziwa kulesi sici se-automation yasekhaya.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuhlobisa indlu yami?
Sesixoxe ngaphambilini ngendlela yokwenza kube ngokwakho ukukhanya, noma kunalokho, indlela yokuba nokukhanya okuhlakaniphile. Singakha futhi uhlelo lomculo oluxhuma ekukhanyeni, ngaleyo ndlela sidale imimoya ehlanganisa ukukhanya nomculo. Isixazululo esisheshayo kulokhu ukuba nesipikha esihlakaniphile.
Kulokhu, kunezinhlobo eziningi esingazithenga, njenge-Amazon Echo, i-Google Home, noma i-Sonos. Kodwa singakha futhi izipikha zethu ezihlakaniphile. Amaphrojekthi amaningi azama ukudala izipikha ezihlakaniphile. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo yizipikha ezinikezwa yi-Google kanye ne-Raspberry Pi Zero . Siyisisombululo esinamandla, esivulekile, futhi esingabizi kakhulu kunezinye izipikha ezihlakaniphile. Uma sikhetha isisombululo esivulekile, kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi sizodinga indawo enkulu yokugcina umculo.
Ngingaba kanjani nobhasikidi wemishini yami yasekhaya?
Ngokumangalisayo, esinye sezici ezinhle kakhulu ezifinyelelwe emakhaya ahlakaniphile ukudalwa kwabasizi ababonakalayo . Impumelelo yabo ibe nkulu kangangokuthi bahlanganiswe kuma-smartphone, amathebhulethi, namanye amadivayisi.
Ukuze ube nomsizi noma i-butler ebonakalayo, udinga ukuba nohlelo lwe-Artificial Intelligence olufakwe kuseva ephakathi noma ku-Raspberry Pi exhunywe kuwo wonke amadivayisi akho ahlakaniphile. Kunezindlela eziningi zomthombo ovulekile njenge- Jasper noma i-Mycroft , noma ungakhetha izixazululo ezizimele njenge-Alexa ye-Amazon Echo noma i-Google Assistant ye-Google Home. Ukukhetha kungokwakho.
Ingabe lokhu kungathuthukiswa?
Yiqiniso, kunendawo yokuthuthukisa. Izici eziningi esizikhulumile zinendawo ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa, kodwa ezinye esingazange sizithuthukise, njengokukhanyisa, nazo zinikeza amathuba okuthuthukisa nokwenza ngezifiso.
Konke kuncike kithi, ekhaya lethu, futhi-ke, olwazini lwethu lwehadiwe yomthombo ovulekile. Ezimweni eziningi, singakha amadivayisi ahlakaniphile angokwezifiso axazulula inkinga noma enze ikhaya elihlakaniphile libe elihlakaniphile nakakhulu—lokho kuyinto engcono kakhulu ngehadiwe yomthombo ovulekile , awucabangi?